The work aims to investigate the effect of replacing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers with polyester (PET)/PTFE blended fibers of different orientations and carbon nanotube (CNTs) modification at various concentrations on the interlaminar properties of composite materials, thus exploring the underlying mechanisms. Through 180° peel tensile testing, shear beam experiments, and double cantilever beam tests, the 180° interlaminar peel strength, interlaminar shear strength, and Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of PTFE fibers, PET/PTFE blended fibers with different orientations, and the blended fibers reinforced epoxy resin treated with different CNTs concentrations were compared. The effect patterns on interlaminar properties of double-layer composite bearing materials were systematically analyzed. Ultra-depth-of-field microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed to reveal the mechanisms by which CNTs affected the interlaminar properties. When PET/PTFE blended fibers with different orientations were used to replace PTFE fibers, the interlaminar properties of the composite materials were significantly improved. Particularly, when the polyester fiber orientation in the blended fibers was perpendicular to the shear direction, the 180° peel strength, interlaminar shear strength, and Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of the composite material increased by 170%, 20.63%, and 104.15%, respectively. This substantial enhancement was primarily attributed to the superior bonding properties between polyester fibers and the resin compared to PTFE fibers. When blended fibers were treated with different concentrations of CNTs, as the CNTs concentration increased from 0 to 1%, the 180° peel strength, interlaminar shear strength, and Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness all exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease, reaching maximum values at a CNTs concentration of 0.5%. This was mainly due to the bridging effect of CNTs, which effectively enhanced the interlaminar properties. However, when the CNTs concentration was excessive, agglomeration occurred, leading to a weakening of this effect and a reduction in interlaminar property enhancement. The use of PET/PTFE blended fibers to replace PTFE fibers and the CNTs modification of fibers both effectively improve the interlaminar bonding properties of the material. The synergistic effect of both approaches can effectively enhance the interlaminar bonding properties, reduce the delamination risk of bearing materials under extreme conditions, and provide guidance for the design of epoxy resin-based composite bearing bushing materials.
Key words
epoxy resin-based composite bearing bushing materials /
polyester/polytetrafluoroethylene blended fibers /
CNTs /
peel strength /
interlaminar shear strength /
Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness
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Funding
Central-guided Local S&T Development Special Project of Hubei Province (2024CSA074)
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