Intelligent Assessment of Stress Concentration in 20CrMo Steel Based on Magnetic Memory and Extra Trees

CHEN Yufeng; MA Shibo; PIAO Zhenhua; DONG Han; SUN Yuanling; MU Zhenkai; WANG Yibo

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.09.011

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (9) : 101-113. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.09.011

Iron and Steel Forming

Intelligent Assessment of Stress Concentration in 20CrMo Steel Based on Magnetic Memory and Extra Trees

CHEN Yufeng, MA Shibo^*, PIAO Zhenhua², DONG Han⁴, SUN Yuanling^1a, MU Zhenkai^1a,1b, WANG Yibo³

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Abstract

In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of stress concentration in metal structures, the work aims to explore the application of metal magnetic memory testing technology in the assessment of stress concentration in metal structures. A magneto-mechanical coupling simulation model of 20CrMo steel specimens was established with COMSOL Multiphysics software, and standard specimens with different defect types (no damage, hole defect, crack defect) were prepared. The stress concentration factor K_t was introduced to quantify the degree of stress concentration, and the evaluation system of low, middle and high stress concentration was established. Six characteristic parameters were extracted from the normal component signals of magnetic memory and then the Extra-Trees (ET) algorithm was used to train and model the selected features for predicting the risk levels of stress concentration. Simulation results indicated that the normal component signals of magnetic memory corresponding to different defect types exhibited significant characteristic differences, and the signal intensity was closely related to the load magnitude and stress concentration level. The ET algorithm demonstrated excellent performance in classification evaluation, achieving an overall recognition accuracy of 91.43%. Feature importance analysis revealed that peak width W and kurtosis k were the key feature parameters for distinguishing the stress concentration levels in components. Experimental verification results were consistent with the simulation results, confirming the reliability of the magneto-mechanical coupling simulation. Metal magnetic memory testing technology combined with Extra-Trees algorithm can be used to effectively quantify and assess the degree of stress concentration in materials, providing theoretical and experimental basis for early damage diagnosis of engineering structures.

Key words

metal magnetic memory / magneto-mechanical coupling simulation / stress concentration / signal features / extra trees

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CHEN Yufeng, MA Shibo, PIAO Zhenhua, DONG Han, SUN Yuanling, MU Zhenkai, WANG Yibo. Intelligent Assessment of Stress Concentration in 20CrMo Steel Based on Magnetic Memory and Extra Trees[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(9): 101-113 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.09.011

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Funding

Hebei Province High-Level Talent Team Development Project (25347609D); Hebei Province County-Level Characteristic Industrial Cluster Key Core Technology Breakthrough Special Project (26245001D); Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (BJ2025159); S&T Program of Shijiazhuang (2560804907A)