Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of As-cast Ni-Cr-Co-based Superalloy

SHA Lei; ZHONG Kangdi; WANG Bingbing; MA Pingdong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.04.016

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4) : 155-166. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.04.016

Superalloy Forming

Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of As-cast Ni-Cr-Co-based Superalloy

SHA Lei^1,2, ZHONG Kangdi^1,2,*, WANG Bingbing^1,2, MA Pingdong³

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Abstract

The work aims to investigate the hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of an as-cast precipitation-strengthened Ni-Cr-Co-based superalloy under varying thermomechanical parameters, elucidate dynamic recrystallization (DRX) nucleation mechanisms, and provide theoretical support for optimizing the cogging process and microstructure control of as-cast superalloy. Hot compression tests were performed on a Gleeble-3800 thermomechanical simulator within temperature ranges of 1 030-1 150 ℃, strain rates of 0.01-10 s^-1, and true strains of 0.16-0.92. The flow stress characteristics under varying deformation parameters were analyzed. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), backscattered electron (BSE) imaging, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to investigate the effects of different deformation temperature and strain levels on the microstructure morphology and evolution with a focus on DRX nucleation mechanisms. The results showed that the flow stress of as-cast Ni-Cr-Co based superalloy increased with the decrease of temperature or the increase of strain rate, and the stress-strain curves exhibited typical DRX characteristics. DRX grain size and volume fraction increased with the increase of deformation temperature. At lower temperature (1 030 ℃), DRX grains were distributed in agglomerated clusters, and the degree of recrystallization progressed slowly with the increase of strain. At higher temperature (1 150 ℃), the coarsened DRX grains were distributed in a "necklace" shape along the grain boundary and formed a homogeneous structure under high strain. At 1 060 ℃, discontinuous dynamic recrystallization ( DDRX ) and continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) coexisted, with particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN) induced by γ′ phase pinning dislocations and grain boundary bulging dominating as primary nucleation mechanisms, while CDRX served as an auxiliary mechanism. At 1 150 ℃, DDRX through grain boundary bulging became the predominant mechanism, and the overall contribution of CDRX decreased. By studying the hot deformation flow behavior, microstructure evolution and DRX mechanism of an as-cast Ni-Cr-Co-based superalloy with different deformation parameters, the influence of deformation parameters and γ' precipitates on the microstructure and nucleation mechanism of hot deformation is obtained, which can be used to optimize the process parameters and microstructure control of Ni-Cr-Co-based superalloy ingots.

Key words

as-cast Ni-Cr-Co-based superalloy / hot deformation / DRX / microstructure / DRX mechanism

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SHA Lei, ZHONG Kangdi, WANG Bingbing, MA Pingdong. Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of As-cast Ni-Cr-Co-based Superalloy[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(4): 155-166 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.04.016

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