Research Progress on Surface Strengthening Technology for Core Components of Hydropower Equipment

CHANG Jiashuo; WANG Xingxing; ZHANG Lei; TUBI Munai; WEN Nuan; YU Xiaosi; KANG Congfang; SHI Ruxing; WANG Shuai; SUN Huawei; GE Xinfeng; LI Guixun; CHEN Xiaoming; ZHANG Zichao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.03.023

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3) : 220-238. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.03.023

Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Equipment

Research Progress on Surface Strengthening Technology for Core Components of Hydropower Equipment

CHANG Jiashuo¹, WANG Xingxing^1,*, ZHANG Lei², TUBI Munai³, WEN Nuan⁴, YU Xiaosi⁵, KANG Congfang⁶, SHI Ruxing⁷, WANG Shuai¹, SUN Huawei², GE Xinfeng⁸, LI Guixun⁹, CHEN Xiaoming¹⁰, ZHANG Zichao¹

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Abstract

As an important source of clean and renewable energy, hydropower plays a key role in the transformation of China's energy structure. The core flow passage components of hydropower equipment have long faced coupling damage from cavitation and sediment erosion, which seriously affects the efficiency and service life of hydropower units. Preparing high-performance coatings for surface modification utilizing the surface material strengthening technology can significantly improve their resistance to cavitation and erosion. It has become as an effective pathway to extend the life and increase the efficiency of hydropower equipment. This paper reviews the latest research progress in various surface strengthening technologies, including laser cladding, high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying, detonation spraying, plasma spraying, cold spraying, microwave cladding, hot isostatic pressing, and friction stir processing. It systematically summarizes the coating systems, strengthening mechanisms, and applicable working conditions of these technologies. Future research should focus on the coating design, damage mechanisms and life prediction of multi-scale structural coatings for flow passage components, as well as the intelligent design and selection of coatings, aiming to promote the development of hydropower equipment surface engineering towards higher efficiency, reliability, and intelligence.

Key words

hydropower equipment / flow passage components / surface strengthening / laser cladding / high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying

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CHANG Jiashuo, WANG Xingxing, ZHANG Lei, TUBI Munai, WEN Nuan, YU Xiaosi, KANG Congfang, SHI Ruxing, WANG Shuai, SUN Huawei, GE Xinfeng, LI Guixun, CHEN Xiaoming, ZHANG Zichao. Research Progress on Surface Strengthening Technology for Core Components of Hydropower Equipment[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(3): 220-238 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.03.023

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (52475347); Key Research and Development Projects in Henan Province (251111222600); Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Support Program of Henan Province (254200510047); Basic Research Special Program under the Key Scientific Research Project Plan of Institutions of Higher Education in Henan Province (26ZX018); High-end Foreign Experts Introduction Project of Henan Province, China (HNGD2025026); International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Henan Province (242102521057)