Effect of Solution Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu-3.4Ti Alloys

YANG Yunxi; QIANG Fengming; WANG Wen; ZHANG Yuye; XUE Zetian; MA Qianzhi; LI Yunbo; LIU Yilin; SUN Yongliang; WANG Kuaishe

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.024

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2) : 259-265. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.024

Copper Alloy Forming

Effect of Solution Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu-3.4Ti Alloys

YANG Yunxi, QIANG Fengming^*, WANG Wen, ZHANG Yuye, XUE Zetian, MA Qianzhi, LI Yunbo, LIU Yilin, SUN Yongliang, WANG Kuaishe^*

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Abstract

The work aims to investigate the re-dissolution behavior of the primary phase in Cu-3.4Ti alloys and its effect on the synergistic regulation of microstructural evolution and mechanical properties under different solution treatment temperature, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of subsequent aging and forming processes for Cu-Ti alloys. Based on the Cu-Ti phase diagram, solution treatments were performed at 800, 850, 900, and 950 ℃. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the phase composition. Optical microscopy (OM) was employed for microstructural observation to examine the grain morphology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was utilized for compositional and microstructural analysis. Tensile tests were conducted at room temperature to measure the tensile strength and elongation of the alloys. The results indicated that at solution treatment temperature of 800-950 ℃, the Cu₃Ti primary phase in the as-forged alloy was largely re-dissolved, significantly increasing the matrix's supersaturation. As the temperature increased, the alloy grain size grew progressively, with abnormal grain growth and grain boundary overburning observed at 950 ℃, leading to a decrease in structural stability. Mechanical testing revealed that the tensile strength increased initially and then decreased with the temperature rise, while the elongation continuously decreased. The solution treatment temperature has a significant impact on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and formability of the forged alloy. After solution treatment at 850 ℃ for 1 h, the Cu-3.4Ti alloys exhibit the best overall performance, with a tensile strength of 527.3 MPa and an elongation of 51.1%, along with improved formability.

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Cu-Ti alloys / solution treatment / primary phase / microstructure evolution / mechanical properties

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YANG Yunxi, QIANG Fengming, WANG Wen, ZHANG Yuye, XUE Zetian, MA Qianzhi, LI Yunbo, LIU Yilin, SUN Yongliang, WANG Kuaishe. Effect of Solution Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu-3.4Ti Alloys[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(2): 259-265 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.024

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