Effect of Original Microstructure on Interface Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Electromagnetic Pulse Welded Joints of NiTi/Ti6Al4V Dissimilar Materials

DENG Jiahao; CHEN Yuhua; XIE Jilin; LIU Guanpeng; WANG Shanlin; ZHANG Timing

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.014

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2) : 145-154. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.014

Advanced Joining Technology

Effect of Original Microstructure on Interface Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Electromagnetic Pulse Welded Joints of NiTi/Ti6Al4V Dissimilar Materials

DENG Jiahao, CHEN Yuhua^*, XIE Jilin, LIU Guanpeng, WANG Shanlin, ZHANG Timing

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Abstract

The work aims to weld NiTi/Ti6Al4V dissimilar materials by electromagnetic pulse welding technology, compare and analyze welding effects of single-phase NiTi and dual-phase NiTi with Ti6Al4V and study effects of welding process parameters on the interface morphology and mechanical properties of NiTi/Ti6Al4V electromagnetic pulse welded joints. The electromagnetic pulse welding effect of NiTi/Ti6Al4V with different original microstructures was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer and room temperature tensile test. The interface structure, element distribution, mechanical properties and fracture morphology of the dual-phase NiTi/Ti6Al4V welded joint were analyzed. The interface failure of single-phase NiTi/Ti6Al4V occurred due to the difference of brittle IMCs and thermal expansion. The dual-phase NiTi achieved thermal expansion matching through B19'→B2 phase transformation, reduced stress and achieved metallurgical bonding. The interface waveform of the dual-phase NiTi/Ti6Al4V electromagnetic pulse welded joint was dominated by irregular waveform interface and shear wave interface. The tangential component of the collision velocity of oblique collision caused a series of unstable motions at the interface, and the interface shears formed an irregular wavy interface. Under the action of high-speed shear, the interface was unstable and gradually evolved into shear wave, and the brittle intermetallic compound in the transition layer of the welded joint deteriorated the mechanical properties of the joint. The mechanical properties of the dual-phase NiTi/Ti6Al4V joint reached 26.6% of the mechanical properties of the base metal. The joint fractured at the interface, and the ductile-brittle mixed fracture dominated by toughness occurred in the joint. Interface failure occurs during single-phase NiTi/Ti6Al4V welding. Shear wave increases the mechanical properties of the dual-phase NiTi/Ti6Al4V joint, and the brittle intermetallic compounds in the transition layer reduce the mechanical properties of the joint.

Key words

single-phase NiTi / dual-phase NiTi / electromagnetic pulse welding / Ti6Al4V / interface morphology

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DENG Jiahao, CHEN Yuhua, XIE Jilin, LIU Guanpeng, WANG Shanlin, ZHANG Timing. Effect of Original Microstructure on Interface Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Electromagnetic Pulse Welded Joints of NiTi/Ti6Al4V Dissimilar Materials[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(2): 145-154 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.014

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (52175326, U24A20117); Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (20242BAB23042); Jiangxi Poyang Program of Excellence (gpyc20240080)