Effect of Wire Feeding Speed on the Quality and Performance of S32101 Duplex Stainless Steel Laser Wire Filling Welding

WANG Yuke; ZHU Jialei; LI Congwei; CHEN Changyong; ZHAO Chenglu; SHAO Mingxing

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.019

PDF(4101 KB)

Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (10) : 190-197. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.019

Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Equipment

Effect of Wire Feeding Speed on the Quality and Performance of S32101 Duplex Stainless Steel Laser Wire Filling Welding

WANG Yuke¹, ZHU Jialei^1,*, LI Congwei¹, CHEN Changyong², ZHAO Chenglu¹, SHAO Mingxing¹

Author information +

History +

Abstract

The work aims to study the effect of wire feeding speed on weld forming and its properties during laser welding. The welding test of S32101 duplex stainless steel was carried out by laser wire filling plate surfacing at different wire feeding speed, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joint were analyzed from the aspects of metallographic structure, tensile properties, microhardness and fracture morphology. When the wire feeding speed was small, there was less filler metal in the weld and the forming quality and mechanical properties of the weld were poor. With the increase of the wire feeding speed, the filler metal of the weld increased, and the laser energy acted more on the end of the wire, resulting in the phenomenon that the melting width increased first and then decreased, the penetration depth decreased, and the residual height increased. In addition, the ferrite content of the weld decreased, the austenite in the grain increased, and the tensile strength of the welded joint increased first and then decreased. When the wire feeding speed was 510 cm/min, the tensile strength reached the maximum value of 835 MPa. In addition, with the increase of the wire feeding speed, the microhardness of the weld generally increased, and the microhardness of each joint decreased first and then increased from the base metal to the center of the weld, and the hardness at the heat-affected zone reached the minimum, and there was obvious softening. According to the test results, under the condition that the laser power is 6 000 W and the welding speed is 7 mm/s, the forming quality and mechanical properties of the weld are relatively good at the wire feeding speed of 470 cm/min.

Key words

laser wire filling welding / S32101 duplex stainless steel / microstructure / mechanical properties / different wire feeding speed

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

WANG Yuke, ZHU Jialei, LI Congwei, CHEN Changyong, ZHAO Chenglu, SHAO Mingxing. Effect of Wire Feeding Speed on the Quality and Performance of S32101 Duplex Stainless Steel Laser Wire Filling Welding[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(10): 190-197 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.019

References

[1] FRANCIS R, BYRNE G.Duplex Stainless Steels— Alloys for the 21st Century[J]. Metals, 2021, 11(5): 836.
[2] PATRA S, AGRAWAL A, MANDAL A, et al.Characteristics and Manufacturability of Duplex Stainless Steel: A Review[J]. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 2021, 74(5): 1089-1098.
[3] 朱一多, 刘兰. S32101双相不锈钢焊接接头的综合性能研究[J]. 江苏船舶, 2022, 39(2): 33-36.
ZHU Y D, LIU L.Research on Comprehensive Properties of S32101 Duplex Stainless Steel Welded Joint[J]. Jiangsu Ship, 2022, 39(2): 33-36.
[4] RAVINDRANATH K, MALHOTRA S N.The Influence of Aging on the Intergranular Corrosion of 22 Chromium-5 Nickel Duplex Stainless Steel[J]. Corrosion Science, 1995, 37(1): 121-132.
[5] 赵亮, 朱加雷, 赵志博, 等. 304不锈钢局部干法水下激光填丝焊接工艺及焊缝性能研究[J]. 精密成形工程, 2024, 16(1): 105-111.
ZHAO L, ZHU J L, ZHAO Z B, et al.Local Dry Underwater Laser Wire Filling Welding Process and Weld Properties of 304 Stainless Steel[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering, 2024, 16(1): 105-111.
[6] 涂晏阁. 随钻测井工具自动焊修复装备设计及其控制系统研究[D]. 北京: 北京石油化工学院, 2020.
TU Y G.Research on Design and Control System of Automatic Welding Repair Equipment for Logging While Drilling Tools[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, 2020.
[7] 张晓春, 沈光耀, 梅乐, 等. 乏燃料水池S32101双相不锈钢覆面水下激光焊接维修系统与焊接工艺研究[J]. 核动力工程, 2024, 45(5): 225-231.
ZHANG X C, SHEN G Y, MEI L, et al.Research on Underwater Laser Welding System and Welding Process of S32101 Duplex Stainless Steel Cladding in Spent Fuel Pool[J]. Nuclear Power Engineering, 2024, 45(5): 225-231.
[8] 张颖, 杨育智, 王怡佳, 等. TC4/PEEK薄板激光焊接温度场仿真分析[J]. 计算机仿真, 2024, 41(6): 304-307.
ZHANG Y, YANG Y Z, WANG Y J, et al.Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Temperature Field in Laser Welding of TC4/PEEK[J]. Computer Simulation, 2024, 41(6): 304-307.
[9] 薛龙, 毛雪松, 黄继强, 等. 水下激光修复研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 焊接学报, 2024, 45(4): 120-128.
XUE L, MAO X S, HUANG J Q, et al.Research and Development of Underwater Laser Repair[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2024, 45(4): 120-128.
[10] 陈挥扬, 卓理政, 崔运佳, 等. 核电领域激光焊接技术的研究与应用现状[J]. 电焊机, 2023, 53(7): 81-89.
CHEN H Y, ZHUO L Z, CUI Y J, et al.Research and Application of Laser Welding in Nuclear Power Field[J]. Electric Welding Machine, 2023, 53(7): 81-89.
[11] 邢德远. Al-Si镀层热成形钢激光填丝焊接工艺和接头组织性能[D]. 北京: 钢铁研究总院, 2023.
XING D Y.Laser Wire-filling Welding Technology and Joint Microstructure and Properties of Al-Si Coated Thermoformed Steel[D]. Beijing: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, 2023.
[12] GAO X L, ZHANG L J, LIU J, et al.A Comparative Study of Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser Welding and TIG Welding of Thin Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy Plate[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2013, 559: 14-21.
[13] LONG J, ZHANG L J, ZHUANG M X, et al.Narrow-Gap Laser Welding with Beam Wobbling and Filler Wire and Microstructural Performance of Joints of Thick TC4 Titanium Alloy Plates[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 2022, 152: 108089.
[14] HUANG W H, CHEN S J, XIAO J, et al.Investigation of Filler Wire Melting and Transfer Behaviors in Laser Welding with Filler Wire[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 2021, 134: 106589.
[15] GU X Y, KAIXUANZHU, WU S B, et al. Effect of Welding Parameters on Weld Formation Quality and Tensile-Shear Property of Laser Welded SUS301L Stainless Steel Lap Filet Weld[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 4840-4854.
[16] YANG D X, LI X Y, HE D Y, et al.Optimization of Weld Bead Geometry in Laser Welding with Filler Wire Process Using Taguchi’s Approach[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 2012, 44(7): 2020-2025.
[17] 陈卫林. 不锈钢超窄间隙激光填丝焊未熔合缺陷抑制及多目标优化研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2018.
CHEN W L.Research on Non-fusion Defect Suppression and Multi-objective Optimization of Stainless Steel Ultra-narrow Gap Laser Wire Filling Welding[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2018.
[18] LIU S, LUO Z Y, LIU W Q, et al.Influence of Wire Feeding Speed on the Morphology and Properties of Stainless Steel Laser Welding Joints[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2024, 2785(1): 012052.
[19] PU J H, ZHAO Y, JIANG Y M, et al.Influence of Wire Feeding Speed on the Melting Behavior and Formation of Narrow-Gap Joint by Laser Welding with Filler Wire[J]. Journal of Laser Applications, 2020, 32(3): 032007.
[20] CHENG Q, GUO N, ZHANG D, et al.Effect of Wire Feeding Speed on Dissimilar Laser Welding of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy and 2A12 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Journal of Laser Applications, 2022, 34: 012013.
[21] ZHANG Z, WANG R, GOU G, et al.Droplet Transfer Behavior of Narrow Gap Laser Wire Filling Welding[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics B, 2019, 33(1n03): 1940045.
[22] 朱加雷, 郭方涛, 李守根, 等. S32101双相不锈钢U形坡口激光填充焊接修复工艺[J]. 焊接学报, 2024, 45(10): 69-78.
ZHU J L, GUO F T, LI S G, et al.Laser Filling Welding Repair Process for U-Shaped Groove of S32101 Duplex Stainless Steel[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2024, 45(10): 69-78.
[23] GHOSH A, MISRA D, ACHARYYA S K.Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Laser Welding of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel[J]. Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing, 2019, 6(3): 228-246.
[24] AKYEL F, GAMERDINGER M, OLSCHOK S, et al.Adjustment of Chemical Composition with Dissimilar Filler Wire in 1.4301 Austenitic Stainless Steel to Influence Residual Stress in Laser Beam Welds[J]. Journal of Advanced Joining Processes, 2022, 5: 100081.
[25] 宋旷达, 孙宏伟, 杜娴, 等. 激光热处理对S32101修复区组织和性能的影响[J]. 焊接, 2022(7): 54-59.
SONG K D, SUN H W, DU X, et al.Effect of Laser Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of S32101 Repair Zone[J]. Welding & Joining, 2022(7): 54-59.

Funding

Key Project of Beijing Science and Technology Plan (KZ202210017023); Key Support Project of Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U22B20127); Support Plan for the Construction of High-Level Scientific Research and Innovation Teams in Beijing Municipal Colleges and Universities (BPHR20220110)