Effect of Compositional Change Rate on Organization and Properties of TiC/TC4 Functional Gradient Materials for Laser Additive Manufacturing

GAO Chuanyun; ZHANG Yanxiao; YU Wenjun; ZHANG Jiahao; WANG Leilei; ZHAN Xiaohong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.011

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (10) : 116-126. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.011

Additive Manufacturing

Effect of Compositional Change Rate on Organization and Properties of TiC/TC4 Functional Gradient Materials for Laser Additive Manufacturing

GAO Chuanyun¹, ZHANG Yanxiao², YU Wenjun¹, ZHANG Jiahao², WANG Leilei^2,*, ZHAN Xiaohong^2,*

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Abstract

The work aims to study the evolution mechanism of the microstructure and the changing trend of high-temperature performance of gradient materials under different TiC contents. Based on the laser direct energy deposition method, TiC/TC4 gradient material samples with the TiC content varying by 1.5wt.% and 3.0wt.% were prepared. The microstructure morphology and element distribution under different composition change gradients was observed and high-temperature tensile tests were performed to investigate the microstructure forming mechanism and high-temperature properties. The results showed that eutectic TiC primarily exhibited chain-like and granular characteristics, with primary TiC predominantly dendritic in morphology. The eutectic TiC incorporated a higher concentration of Al elements. For samples with a change gradient of 1.5wt.%, the tensile strengths at the bottom, middle, and top sections were 860, 845, and 548 MPa, respectively. For a change gradient of 3.0wt.%, the corresponding strengths were 859, 875, and 662 MPa, respectively. With the increase of the TiC content, the morphology of precipitated TiC phases under different compositional gradients gradually transitions from granular and chain-like to dendritic structures. For samples with a change gradient of 3.0wt.%, the dendritic crystals at the top section are more pronounced. The compositional gradient rate has a limited impact on the high-temperature strength of the bottom and middle sections, but the top section of samples with a change gradient of 3.0wt.% exhibits significantly higher high-temperature strength.

Key words

functional gradient materials / laser direct energy deposition / compositional design / microstructure / high-temperature properties

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GAO Chuanyun, ZHANG Yanxiao, YU Wenjun, ZHANG Jiahao, WANG Leilei, ZHAN Xiaohong. Effect of Compositional Change Rate on Organization and Properties of TiC/TC4 Functional Gradient Materials for Laser Additive Manufacturing[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(10): 116-126 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.011

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