Optimization of Residual Stress and Hardness of SLM 316L Medical Stainless Steel Thin-walled Structure Based on RSM and NSGA-&#x02161;

ZHOU Chunhong; SHU Yuqiang; CHEN Jie

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.010

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (10) : 103-115. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.010

Additive Manufacturing

Optimization of Residual Stress and Hardness of SLM 316L Medical Stainless Steel Thin-walled Structure Based on RSM and NSGA-Ⅱ

ZHOU Chunhong^1,*, SHU Yuqiang², CHEN Jie³

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Abstract

In order to simultaneously improve the residual stress and microhardness of the thin-walled structures formed by the selective laser melting (SLM), the work aims to propose a multi-objective optimization method integrating response surface methodology (RSM) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ). A nonlinear model of laser power, scanning speed, and scanning spacing versus residual stress and microhardness of thin-walled structures was firstly established with RSM. Multi-objective optimization was carried out by NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm and TOPSIS method, while the best solution was screened and experimentally verified. A high-precision nonlinear model of residual stress and microhardness was established by the response surface method with the coefficients of determination of 0.969 6 and 0.934 4 in order. The optimal Pareto solution set was obtained by the algorithm under 3 000 iterations, and the optimal solution was screened out by TOPSIS: the laser power was 157 W, the scanning speed was 1 100 mm/s, and the scanning spacing was 0.11 mm. The validation results showed that the error between the optimized results and the experimental results was low, for the sample after optimization, the residual stress decreased by 37.2% and the microhardness increased by 12.3%. The proposed method can effectively realize the multi-objective optimization of the residual stress and microhardness of 316L thin-walled structures and the results of the study can provide effective theoretical reference for the optimization of process parameters of 316L stainless steel thin-walled structural parts formed by SLM.

Key words

selective laser melting / 316L stainless steel / thin-walled structure / residual stress / microhardness / multi-objective optimization

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ZHOU Chunhong, SHU Yuqiang, CHEN Jie. Optimization of Residual Stress and Hardness of SLM 316L Medical Stainless Steel Thin-walled Structure Based on RSM and NSGA-Ⅱ[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(10): 103-115 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.010

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