Microstructure and Properties of Laser Tailor Welded Joints of QP1180/DP1180 Steel Plates with Different Thicknesses

LI Wenjuan; WANG Jinfeng; SU Wenchao; CHE Yajun; WANG Jing; GUO Yi; WANG Hailin; ZHANG Yuanhao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.008

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Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (7) : 69-78. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.008

Iron and Steel Forming

Microstructure and Properties of Laser Tailor Welded Joints of QP1180/DP1180 Steel Plates with Different Thicknesses

LI Wenjuan¹, WANG Jinfeng^1,2,*, SU Wenchao¹, CHE Yajun³, WANG Jing⁴, GUO Yi¹, WANG Hailin¹, ZHANG Yuanhao¹

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Abstract

In order to solve the welding problems of heat affected zone softening of high strength steel QP1180 and DP1180 in automobile lightweight application, the work aims to study the microstructure and properties of laser tailor welded joints of heterogeneous QP1180/DP1180 steel plates with different thicknesses. 1.6 mm thick QP1180 steel and 1.2 mm thick DP1180 steel were welded by laser. The effects of heat input on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints were studied by scanning electron microscopy, hydraulic tensile testing machine and Vickers hardness tester. Under different welding process parameters, the laser welded joints were in full penetration state, and the weld surface was well. With the increase of heat input, the transition from the weld metal zone to the base metal zone gradually became gentle, the depression became smaller, and the width of the weld face and back of weld increased. The lath martensite beam in the weld metal zone became longer with the increase of heat input, and the beam spacing became wider, and the width distribution was not uniform. The effects of heat input on the change of grain size in the heat affected zone of QP1180 side and DP1180 side were basically the same. The higher the heat input, the coarser the grain size of the coarse-grain zone and the fine-grain zone, and the more the ferrite content in the inter-critical heat affected zone. There were more carbide particles precipitated in the sub-critical heat affected zone on the QP1180 side, but the effect on the microstructure of the sub-critical heat affected zone on the DP1180 side was not obvious. There were obvious softening zones on both sides of the welded joint, and the softening of DP1180 side was more significant. Under the welding heat input conditions used in this study, the fracture of the samples in the uniaxial tensile test was located in the base metal area. Through fractography, the samples under all process parameters had ductile fracture. In the welding process window that can form full penetration bead, the welded joints with tensile strength of more than 95% of the base metal strength and the elongation of more than 30% of the base metal are obtained.

Key words

QP1180 steel / DP1180 steel / laser welding / microstructure / mechanical properties

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LI Wenjuan, WANG Jinfeng, SU Wenchao, CHE Yajun, WANG Jing, GUO Yi, WANG Hailin, ZHANG Yuanhao. Microstructure and Properties of Laser Tailor Welded Joints of QP1180/DP1180 Steel Plates with Different Thicknesses[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(7): 69-78 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.008

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Funding

; Fund：Open Project Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Connection (AWJ-23M25); The Central Government Guides Local Special Funds for Science and Technology (2019ZYYD023)