添加剂对再生铝耐腐蚀性能的影响

袁声波; 周凡; 蒋佳君; 黄润; 顾炜; 金会心

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.06.012

PDF(17446 KB)

精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (6) : 123-134. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.06.012

轻合金成形

添加剂对再生铝耐腐蚀性能的影响

袁声波¹, 周凡¹, 蒋佳君², 黄润², 顾炜², 金会心^2,*

作者信息 +

Effect of Additives on Corrosion Resistance of Recycled Aluminum

YUAN Shengbo¹, ZHOU Fan¹, JIANG Jiajun², HUANG Run², GU Wei², JIN Huixin^2,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的提升再生铝合金的耐腐蚀性能,以解决其在汽车、建筑等领域应用中面临的腐蚀问题,拓展再生铝的高性能应用。方法通过向再生铝合金中添加0.5%（质量分数）精炼剂、0.6%（质量分数）铝硼中间合金及其复合添加物,采用熔炼处理技术,系统研究了不同添加剂对再生铝电化学腐蚀行为及浸泡腐蚀特性的影响。具体的实验方法包括极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和析氢失重等测试,评估各组样品的腐蚀电位、电流密度、电荷转移电阻等关键腐蚀参数。结果复合添加的再生铝合金在腐蚀电位、电流密度、电荷转移电阻等方面表现出显著的改善。复合添加组的腐蚀电位升高至-0.480 V,腐蚀电流密度降至3.698 mA/cm²,电荷转移电阻增大至16.8 Ω·cm²。析氢速率和失重速率分别降至0.501 mL/(cm²·h)和361.92 μg/(cm²·h),明显优于单一添加剂及原料组。腐蚀形貌观察结果显示,复合添加样品表面腐蚀孔洞较小且分布稀疏,表明其耐蚀性能得到了显著提升。结论复合添加剂显著提高了再生铝合金的耐腐蚀性能,提供了一种有效的组织调控方法,能够显著改善其电化学性能及腐蚀形貌。本研究为再生铝合金的耐腐蚀性能提升提供了技术路径和理论依据,为其在高性能领域的应用奠定了基础。

Abstract

The work aims to enhance the corrosion resistance of recycled aluminum alloys to address the corrosion they encounter in applications in the automotive, construction and other fields, and to expand the high-performance applications of recycled aluminum. In this study, recycled aluminum alloys were refined by adding 0.5wt.% fluxing agent, 0.6wt.% Al-B master alloy, and their combination. The effects of these additives on the electrochemical corrosion behavior and immersion corrosion characteristics were systematically investigated by smelting treatment. Key electrochemical parameters, including corrosion potential, corrosion current density, and charge transfer resistance, were evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), hydrogen evolution, and mass loss measurements. Results showed that the recycled aluminum alloys with additive adding showed significant improvements in corrosion potential, current density, charge transfer resistance and other aspects. The corrosion potential increased to -0.480 V, the corrosion current density decreased to 3.698 mA/cm², and the charge transfer resistance increased to 16.8 Ω·cm². Meanwhile, the hydrogen evolution rate and weight loss rate were reduced to 0.501 mL/(cm²·h) and 361.92 μg/(cm²·h), respectively, outperforming both the single-additive and raw material groups. Surface morphology analysis revealed that samples with additive adding exhibited smaller and fewer corrosion pits, indicating significantly enhanced corrosion resistance. This study provides a promising strategy and theoretical basis for corrosion resistance improvement of recycled aluminum alloys, laying a foundation for their application in high performance fields.

导出引用

袁声波, 周凡, 蒋佳君, 黄润, 顾炜, 金会心. 添加剂对再生铝耐腐蚀性能的影响[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(6): 123-134 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.06.012

YUAN Shengbo, ZHOU Fan, JIANG Jiajun, HUANG Run, GU Wei, JIN Huixin. Effect of Additives on Corrosion Resistance of Recycled Aluminum[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(6): 123-134 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.06.012

中图分类号： TF821

参考文献

[1] CHRISTY J V, ARUNACHALAM R, MOURAD A I, et al.Processing, Properties, and Microstructure of Recycled Aluminum Alloy Composites Produced through an Optimized Stir and Squeeze Casting Processes[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2020, 59: 287-301.
[2] DU S, ZHANG S G, WANG J W, et al.Sustainable Recycling of Aluminum Scraps to Recycled Aerospace-Grade 7075 Aluminum Alloy Sheets[J]. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 2024, 41: e01100.
[3] 李若宇, 王耀武, 郭不拘, 等. 废铝回收再利用的研究现状[J]. 中国有色冶金, 2024, 53(4): 84-93.
LI R Y, WANG Y W, GUO B J, et al.Research Status of Scrap Aluminum Recycling[J]. China Nonferrous Metallurgy, 2024, 53(4): 84-93.
[4] 孟达, 夏岽尊, 范玉虎, 等. Fe元素对Al-Si系再生铝合金组织性能的影响机理及其控制技术研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2024, 53(23): 7-13.
MENG D, XIA D Z, FAN Y H, et al.Influence Mechanism of Fe Element on Microstructure and Properties of Al-Si Regenerative Aluminum Alloys and Its Control Technology[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2024, 53(23): 7-13.
[5] 王登峰, 李芹鹏, 付亚城, 等. 压铸铝合金废料的保级再生技术研究[J]. 中国铸造装备与技术, 2025, 60(1): 90-94.
WANG D F, LI Q P, FU Y C, et al.Research on Grade Maintenance and Recycling Technology of Die-Casting Aluminum Alloy Scrap[J]. China Foundry Machinery & Technology, 2025, 60(1): 90-94.
[6] ZHOU B, LIU B, ZHANG S G, et al.Microstructure Evolution of Recycled 7075 Aluminum Alloy and Its Mechanical and Corrosion Properties[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2021, 879: 160407.
[7] 沈澳, 杨娜, 罗雪红, 等. 再生铝中富铁相调控研究进展[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2025, 35(4): 1236-1256.
SHEN A, YANG N, LUO X H, et al.Research Progress on Regulation of Iron-Rich Phases in Recycled Aluminium[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2025, 35(4): 1236-1256.
[8] GONG F J, FENG G, WANG Y J, et al.The Effect of Fe Content on the Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Friction-Stir-Welded Joints in Recycled Cast Aluminum Alloy[J]. Materials, 2023, 17(1): 64.
[9] 王强, 唐建国, 吴浩, 等. 时效工艺对7136铝合金微观组织和耐蚀性的影响[J]. 轻合金加工技术, 2025, 53(1): 36-40.
WANG Q, TANG J G, WU H, et al.Effect of Aging Process on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of 7136 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2025, 53(1): 36-40.
[10] GUO Z H, HOU Y, ZHU C R, et al.Microstructural Evolution and Corrosion-Assisted Failure Mechanism of 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy under Elastic-Plastic Stress: An Integrated Numerical and Experimental Investigation[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2025, 178: 109672.
[11] WANG L, WANG B, LUO L Z, et al.Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of 7A09 Aluminum Alloy Exposed to an Industrial Environment[J]. Materials and Corrosion, 2020, 71(12): 1971-1979.
[12] KHEDR M, HAMZAWY N, HAMADA A, et al.Improved Mechanical Behavior of Friction Stir Drilled 6082 Aluminum Alloy via T6 Treatment[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2024, 31: 2774-2785.
[13] LI J W, LU D Z, WANG L, et al.Study on Filiform Corrosion of A356 Aluminum Alloy under an Organic Coating[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023, 26: 8124-8135.
[14] LIU S S, YANG Z, CHEN L Z, et al.Stress Corrosion Effects on ADC12 Al Alloy Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Joint in 3.5wt% NaCl Solution[J]. Vacuum, 2024, 224: 113170.
[15] YANG L, WANG D X, BAI D, et al.Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior of 6082 Aluminum Alloy in Deicing Salt[J]. Materials and Corrosion, 2024, 75(1): 84-94.
[16] FANIJO E O, THOMAS J G, ZHU Y Z, et al.Effects of Thermal History on the Corrosion Kinetics of Rolled Aluminum 6111 Alloy[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2023, 303: 127802.
[17] 马尧尧, 李婧, 夏玉峰, 等. 5XXX系铝合金微合金化研究进展[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2025, 35(2): 465-486.
MA Y Y, LI J, XIA Y F, et al.Research Progress on Microalloying of 5XXXX Series Aluminum Alloys[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2025, 35(2): 465-486.
[18] 王文波, 闫亮明, 胡强, 等. 冷却预处理对7055铝合金板材组织与晶间腐蚀性能的影响[J]. 稀有金属, 2024, 48(10): 1378-1387.
WANG W B, YAN L M, HU Q, et al.Microstructures and Intergranular Corrosion Properties of 7055 Alloy Plate with Cooling Pre-Treatment[J]. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 2024, 48(10): 1378-1387.
[19] TANG K G, WEI L L, HUANG H F, et al.Effect of Grain Size and Second Phase on the Corrosion Behavior of MIG-Welded Al-Mg-Si-Mn-Cr Alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2023, 58(26): 10782-10801.
[20] IKEUBA A I, ZHANG B, WANG J Q, et al.SVET and SIET Study of Galvanic Corrosion of Al/MgZn₂ in Aqueous Solutions at Different pH[J]. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2018, 165(3): C180-C194.
[21] SHEN Y Z, WANG Y, LI Y C, et al.Effects of Flocculant and Corrosion Inhibitor Compounding on the Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of the Anode in Al-Air Batteries[J]. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2024, 19(2): 100458.
[22] GU W, JIN H X, WANG X, et al.Impact of Melt Refining on Secondary Al-Si Alloys' Microstructure and Tensile Mechanical Performance[J]. Metals, 2025, 15(5): 556.
[23] HU Z, YIN Z, YIN Z, et al.Corrosion Behavior Characterization of as Extruded Mg-8Li-3Al Alloy with Minor Alloying Elements (Gd, Sn and Cu) by Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy[J]. Corrosion Science, 2020, 176: 108923.
[24] WANG P J, MA L W, CHENG X Q, et al.Influence of Grain Refinement on the Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials: A Review[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 2021, 28(7): 1112-1126.
[25] SOTNICZUK A, KUCZYŃSKA-ZEMŁA D, KRÓLIKOWSKI A, et al. Enhancement of the Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline Titanium by Low-Temperature Annealing[J]. Corrosion Science, 2019, 147: 342-349.
[26] WANG P J, CHENG X Q, ZHANG Z Y, et al.Roles of Grain Refinement in the Rust Formation and Corrosion Resistance of Weathering Steels[J]. Corrosion Science, 2023, 224: 111561.
[27] FENG B, SHANG X, XIE T, et al.Influence of Texture on the Corrosion Behavior of an As-extruded Mg-8Al- 0.5In Alloy Sheet[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023, 27: 1497-1508.
[28] YI X N, MA A L, ZHANG L M, et al.Crystallographic Anisotropy of Corrosion Rate and Surface Faceting of Polycrystalline 90Cu-10Ni in Acidic NaCl Solution[J]. Materials & Design, 2022, 215: 110429.
[29] 张成龙, 张斌, 朱敏, 等. CoCrNi中熵合金在不同浓度NH₄Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2024, 44(3): 725-734.
ZHANG C L, ZHANG B, ZHU M, et al.Corrosion Behavior of Medium Entropy CoCrNi-Alloy in NH₄Cl Solutions[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 2024, 44(3): 725-734.
[30] 夏大海, 计元元, 毛英畅, 等. 2024铝合金在模拟动态海水/大气界面环境中的局部腐蚀机制[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(2): 297-308.
XIA D H, JI Y Y, MAO Y C, et al.Localized Corrosion Mechanism of 2024 Aluminum Alloy in a Simulated Dynamic Seawater/Air Interface[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2023, 59(2): 297-308.
[31] 戈方宇, 黄峰, 袁玮, 等. 交变载荷频率对MS X65管线钢在H₂S介质中腐蚀电化学行为影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(2): 187-194.
GE F Y, HUANG F, YUAN W, et al.Effect of Cyclic Stress Frequency on Corrosion Electrochemical Behavior of MS X65 Pipeline Steel in H₂S Containing Medium[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 2021, 41(2): 187-194.
[32] 张路雨, 王守仁, 肖振, 等. 激光熔覆增材制造Al-11Si-5Cu-5Ni-xMn合金的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性能研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2026, 55(1): 49-60.
ZHANG L Y, WANG S R, XIAO Z, et al.Research on Wear Resistance and Corrosion Resistance of Al-11Si- 5Cu-5Ni-xMn Alloys for Laser Additive Manufacturing[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2026, 55(1): 49-60.
[33] 郭艳萍, 杨文璐, 龙宇飞, 等. 稳定化处理对Zn微合金化高Mg铝镁合金力学及腐蚀性能的影响[J]. 热加工工艺, 2025, 54(18): 70-75.
GUO Y P, YANG W L, LONG Y F, et al.Influence of Stabilization Treatment on Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Zn Microalloyed High-Mg Aluminum- Magnesium Alloys[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2025, 54(18): 70-75.
[34] 赵慧敏, 李昆达, 班美丽, 等. 钛合金表面二氧化锆/羟基磷灰石涂层的制备及性能研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2025, 54(12): 150-154.
ZHAO H M, LI K D, BAN M L, et al.Research on Preparation and Properties of Zirconia/Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Alloy Surface[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2025, 54(12): 150-154.
[35] 蒋裕, 孙耀宁, 王鹏博. 激光熔覆CoCrFeNiMo0.2高熵合金涂层耐蚀行为研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2025, 54(16): 128-134.
JIANG Y, SUN Y N, WANG P B.Research on Corrosion Resistance Behavior of Laser Cladding CoCrFeNiMo0.2 High Entropy Alloy Coating[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2025, 54(16): 128-134.
[36] 陈曦, 万荣春. TWIP钢在3.5%NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2023, 52(24): 83-86.
CHEN X, WAN R C.Research on Corrosion Behavior of TWIP Steel in 3.5%NaCl Solution[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2023, 52(24): 83-86.
[37] 迟永晨, 王浩杰, 侯强强, 等. Ti₃AlC₂在含F-的高温硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 533-540.
CHI Y C, WANG H J, HOU Q Q, et al.Corrosion Behavior of Ti₃AlC₂ in High-Temperature Sulfuric Acid Solution Containing F-[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 2026, 46(2): 533-540.
[38] 熊代玉, 黎瑞敏, 肖文娅, 等. 盐雾环境下AA2099铝锂合金腐蚀疲劳损伤行为研究[J]. 精密成形工程, 2024, 16(12): 143-152.
XIONG D Y, LI R M, XIAO W Y, et al.Corrosion Fatigue Damage Behaviour of AA2099 Al-Li Alloy under Salt Spray Environment[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering, 2024, 16(12): 143-152.