薄壁喷管激光选区熔化成形精度优化及试验验证

王大明; 车龙; 顾星宇; 余礼; 雍青松; 游宇; 孟礼成

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.021

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (10) : 209-219. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.021

增材制造

薄壁喷管激光选区熔化成形精度优化及试验验证

王大明, 车龙, 顾星宇, 余礼, 雍青松, 游宇, 孟礼成^*

作者信息 +

Precision Optimization and Experimental Verification of Thin-walled Nozzle Formed by Laser Selective Melting

WANG Daming, CHE Long, GU Xingyu, YU Li, YONG Qingsong, YOU Yu, MENG Licheng^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的针对薄壁喷管激光选区熔化成形过程中受热应力影响易变形、成形精度差等问题,结合变形补偿仿真与试验验证,优化其打印成形精度。方法首先,开展悬臂试样及薄壁喷管打印,利用悬臂试样测试结果校准仿真所需的固有应变值。其次,基于该固有应变值进行薄壁喷管打印成形仿真,并利用激光三维扫描仪对薄壁喷管打印件进行三维形貌扫描,开展仿真与试验变形结果对比分析。在此基础上,以薄壁喷管实际打印变形结果为参照,进一步修正仿真所需的固有应变值,以使薄壁喷管打印变形仿真结果更加贴近试验实测值。最后,基于修正后的固有应变值开展薄壁喷管变形补偿仿真,优化其成形精度并进行相关试验验证。结果薄壁喷管变形补偿仿真与试验结果基本一致,试验结果显示,薄壁喷管整体变形小于0.5 mm,大部分区域的变形在0.2 mm以内,满足使用要求。结论采用经悬臂试样校准后的固有应变值进行薄壁喷管成形仿真,喷管变形与实际打印变形结果相差较大。结合零件实际打印变形结果进行固有应变值修正与变形补偿仿真,试验结果证明其可以明显提高薄壁喷管打印成形精度。

Abstract

The work aims to combine distortion compensation simulation and experimental verification to optimize the forming accuracy, so as to solve the problem that the thin-walled nozzle is prone to distortion and poor forming accuracy due to thermal stresses in the process of selective laser melting. First, the default cantilever specimens and a thin-walled nozzle were printed simultaneously, of which the former were used to derive the inherent strain values. Based on the derived inherent strain values, the simulation and distortion analysis of the thin-walled nozzle were then carried out. And the simulated results were compared with the actual model distortion contour of the printed nozzle, which was obtained by a three-dimensional laser scanner. Based on this actual contour, the inherent strain values were then modified accordingly, to make the re-simulated results come closer to the actual result. Finally, based on the above modified inherent strain values, distortion compensation was then conducted to optimize the forming accuracy, and its accuracy was verified by experiment. Comparing the simulated and measured results of the compensated thin-walled nozzle, it was found that the two matched well. The experimental result after distortion compensation showed that the distortion of the thin-walled nozzle was less than 0.5 mm, and most areas of the thin-walled nozzle was less than 0.2 mm, satisfying the usage requirement. The forming simulation of the thin-walled nozzle is carried out using the inherent strain values calibrated by cantilever specimens. The deformation of the nozzles differs significantly from the actual printing distortion results. A better forming accuracy would be reached by introducing the modified inherent strain values and the distortion compensation method based on the printing results of parts.

导出引用

王大明, 车龙, 顾星宇, 余礼, 雍青松, 游宇, 孟礼成. 薄壁喷管激光选区熔化成形精度优化及试验验证[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(10): 209-219 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.021

WANG Daming, CHE Long, GU Xingyu, YU Li, YONG Qingsong, YOU Yu, MENG Licheng. Precision Optimization and Experimental Verification of Thin-walled Nozzle Formed by Laser Selective Melting[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(10): 209-219 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.021

中图分类号： TN249

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