目的 探究基复板间距对TA2和Q235B爆炸焊接的影响。方法 基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件,分别采用ALE与SPH-FEM算法,对2种间距（8 mm、10.5 mm）下的爆炸焊接过程进行三维数值模拟。系统分析了复板的竖向位移、碰撞速度、碰撞压力、界面塑性变形以及波形的变化规律,在药厚28 mm、间距8 mm的试验基础上,增设药厚25 mm、间距14 mm与药厚22 mm、间距28 mm 2组对照组,以探究减少药厚并增大间距的焊接效果。结果 模拟结果显示,2种间距下复板的竖向位移均大于基复板之间相应间距,均成功焊接。复板的碰撞峰值速度均落在焊接窗口313.05 m/s<Vp<1 161.07 m/s内,随着间距由8 mm增至10.5 mm时,复板的碰撞速度、动能损失、界面塑性变形均随着间距的增加而相应增大,复板的碰撞压力随起爆点距离与基复板间距的增加而相应增大,界面波的振幅与波长由73.55 μm、415.30 μm增至165.48 μm、579.78 μm,增幅分别为124.99%、39.61%。2组对照组模拟的波长和振幅分别为68.95 μm、409.10 μm与73.55 μm、413.70 μm。对比结果表明,对照组模拟结果与原试验组结果吻合良好。结论 ALE与SPH-FEM 2种算法均能有效模拟爆炸焊接过程,且当复板处于加速阶段时,通过减少炸药药厚与增加基复板间距,可获得与试验相同的焊接效果。既保证了焊接的质量,又减少了炸药用量,降低了爆炸焊接试验成本,2种算法的联合应用为爆炸焊接生产实践提供了可靠的理论指导。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the effect of stand-off distance on explosive welding of TA2 and Q235B. Based on the ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software, the explosive welding process under two stand-off distances (8 mm and 10.5 mm) was simulated three-dimensionally with the ALE and SPH-FEM algorithms. The vertical displacement of the flyer plate, collision velocity, collision pressure, interface plastic deformation, and the variation of waveforms were systematically analyzed. On the basis of the experiment with an explosive thickness of 28 mm and a stand-off distance of 8 mm, two control groups with an explosive thickness of 25 mm and a stand-off distance of 14 mm, and an explosive thickness of 22 mm and a stand-off distance of 28 mm were added to explore the welding effect of reducing the explosive thickness and increasing the stand-off distance. The simulation showed that the vertical displacement of the flyer plate was greater than the corresponding stand-off distance between the base plate and the flyer plate in both cases, and successful welding was achieved. The peak collision velocity of the flyer plate fell within the explosive welding window of 313.05 m/s<Vp<1 161.07 m/s. As the stand-off distance increased from 8 mm to 10.5 mm, the collision velocity, kinetic energy loss, and interface plastic deformation of the flyer plate increased accordingly. The collision pressure of the flyer plate increased with the increase of the distance from the initiation point to the base plate-flyer plate stand-off distance. The amplitude and wavelength of the interface wave increased from 73.55 μm and 415.30 μm to 165.48 μm and 579.78 μm, with increases of 124.99% and 39.61%, respectively. The simulated wavelengths and amplitudes of the two control groups were 68.95 μm and 409.10 μm, and 73.55 μm and 413.70 μm, respectively. The comparison indicated that the simulation results of the control groups were in good agreement with those of the original experimental group. Both ALE and SPH-FEM algorithms can effectively simulate the explosive welding process. When the flyer plate is in the acceleration stage, the same welding effect as that in the experiment can be achieved by reducing the explosive thickness and increasing the stand-off distance between the base plate and the flyer plate. This not only ensures the quality of the welding but also reduces the amount of explosive used and lowers the cost of explosive welding experiments. The combined application of the two algorithms provides reliable theoretical guidance for explosive welding production practice.
关键词
间距 /
TA2 /
Q235B /
ALE法 /
SPH-FEM法
Key words
stand-off distance /
TA2 /
Q235B /
ALE algorithm /
SPH-FEM algorithm
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