304不锈钢低应力弯曲疲劳分离过程的开裂行为研究

于正洋; 舒展开; 王永锋; 王欢; 张凯铭; 钟斌; 刘文卓

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.015

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (10) : 147-153. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.015

钢铁成形

304不锈钢低应力弯曲疲劳分离过程的开裂行为研究

于正洋¹, 舒展开¹, 王永锋¹, 王欢¹, 张凯铭¹, 钟斌^2,*, 刘文卓³

作者信息 +

Cracking Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel during Low Stress Bending Fatigue Separation

YU Zhengyang¹, SHU Zhankai¹, WANG Yongfeng¹, WANG Huan¹, ZHANG Kaiming¹, ZHONG Bin^2,*, LIU Wenzhuo³

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的解决金属棒材低应力切断分离过程的开裂行为不明问题。方法基于Hall-Petch塑性理论和Zhou提出的剪切修正Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman（GTN）模型,构建考虑晶粒尺寸效应的扩展GTN模型,并通过单轴拉伸试验、逆向求解法、显微观测法识别304不锈钢材料弹塑性参数和模型参数。在此基础上,采用耦合损伤的低应力弯曲疲劳分离数值模拟方法,研究低应力弯曲疲劳分离工艺下材料损伤演化诱发其开裂行为的作用机理。利用精密分离试验,依托坯料断面评价指标和分离时间,验证考虑晶粒尺寸效应的扩展GTN模型理论及有限元数值模拟的可靠性。结果 304不锈钢棒材在低应力弯曲疲劳分离过程中的开裂行为始于人为预制环状缺口根部;随着打击锤头下压位移的提升,环状缺口根部的孔洞体积分数和Mises应力提升;依托坯料断面评价指标,当打击锤头下压位移为1.5 mm时,能够获得高效近净性坯料。结论考虑晶粒尺寸效应的扩展GTN模型可应用于预测低应力精密分离工艺下的开裂行为,为后续分离工艺参数的合理选取提供理论支撑。

Abstract

The work aims to solve the problem of unclear cracking behavior of metal bars during low stress separation. Based on Hall-Petch plasticity theory and shear modified Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) model proposed by Zhou, an extended GTN model considering grain size effect was constructed, and the elastic-plastic parameters and model parameters of 304 stainless steel were identified by uniaxial tensile test, reverse solution method and microscopic observation method. On this basis, the numerical simulation method of low stress bending fatigue separation with coupled damage was used to study the mechanism of cracking behavior induced by material damage evolution under low stress bending fatigue separation process. The reliability of extended GTN model theory and finite element numerical simulation considering grain size effect was verified by conducting a precision separation test and relying on cross-section evaluation index and separation time. The cracking behavior of 304 stainless steel bar in the process of low stress bending fatigue separation began with the root of artificially prefabricated annular notch. With the increase of the downward displacement of the hammer head, the hole volume fraction and Mises stress at the root of the annular notch increased. Based on the evaluation index of cross-section, when the pressing displacement of the hammer head was 1.5 mm, the high-efficiency near-net cross-section was obtained. The extended GTN model considering grain size effect can be applied to predict the cracking behavior under low stress precision separation process, which provides theoretical support for the reasonable selection of subsequent separation process parameters.

导出引用

于正洋, 舒展开, 王永锋, 王欢, 张凯铭, 钟斌, 刘文卓. 304不锈钢低应力弯曲疲劳分离过程的开裂行为研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(10): 147-153 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.015

YU Zhengyang, SHU Zhankai, WANG Yongfeng, WANG Huan, ZHANG Kaiming, ZHONG Bin, LIU Wenzhuo. Cracking Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel during Low Stress Bending Fatigue Separation[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(10): 147-153 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.015

中图分类号： TG306

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