目的 研究新型钛合金的热塑性变形行为及变形过程中的微观组织演变机制,为钛合金热加工调控优化提供理论基础。方法 通过热压缩试验研究了Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo合金的热变形行为及微观组织演变行为,绘制不同应变条件下的热加工图,分析合金的功率耗散特性及失稳区分布情况,确定其最佳热加工工艺窗口。研究了Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo钛合金在单相区及双相区热变形过程中的微观组织演变规律。等温热压缩试验在热模拟试验机上进行,试验温度为750~1 100 ℃,应变速率为0.001~10 s-1,变形量为60%。结果 通过线性回归,构建了Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo合金的本构方程,结果表明,Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo合金在750~950 ℃时的激活能为620.93 kJ/mol,在1 000~1 100 ℃时的激活能为198.76 kJ/mol。根据动态材料模型和Murty准则绘制了Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo合金的热加工图。结论 随着变形温度的升高,等轴α相含量减少,组织逐渐粗大。Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo合金的最佳热加工窗口为930~1 080 ℃、应变速率小于0.1 s-1的区域,在此参数下可获得等轴α与片层(α+β)混合组织,有效避免绝热剪切带和裂纹等缺陷形成。
Abstract
The work aims to study the thermal plastic deformation behavior and the microstructure evolution mechanism during the deformation process of the new titanium alloy, and to provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of titanium alloy thermal processing. The thermal deformation behavior and the microstructure evolution behavior of the Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo alloy were studied through thermal compression experiments, thermal processing maps under different strain conditions were drawn, the power dissipation characteristics and the distribution of the instability zone of the alloy were analyzed, and its optimal thermal processing window was determined. The microstructure evolution laws of the Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo titanium alloy during the single-phase and two-phase thermal deformation processes were studied. The isothermal thermal compression experiments were carried out on a thermal simulation testing machine, with the experimental temperature range of 750-1 100 ℃, a strain rate of 0.001-10 s‒1, and a deformation amount of 60%. Through linear regression, the constitutive equation of the Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo alloy was constructed. The results showed that the activation energy of the Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo alloy was 620.93 kJ/mol at 750-950 ℃, and 198.76 kJ/mol at 1 000-1 100 ℃. The thermal processing map of the Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr- 1Mo alloy was drawn based on the dynamic material model and Murty criterion. In conclusion, as the deformation temperature increases, the volume fraction of the equiaxed α phase decreases, and the microstructure gradually coarsens. The optimal hot working window for the Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo alloy is defined within the temperature range of 930-1 080 ℃ and strain rates below 0.1 s‒1. Under these processing conditions, a mixed microstructure comprising equiaxed α grains and lamellar (α+β) colonies is obtained, effectively suppressing the formation of defects such as adiabatic shear bands and cracks.
关键词
Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo钛合金 /
热变形行为 /
热加工图 /
组织演变
Key words
Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo titanium alloy /
hot deformation behavior /
thermal processing map /
microstructural evolution
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52471148）; 河南省青年基金（222300420169）
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