石墨基辐射加热材料与器件的先进制造技术研究进展

胡绍华; 曹露; 罗燊; 高飞; 谭晶; 杨卫民

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.003

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (10) : 20-30. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.003

复合材料成形

石墨基辐射加热材料与器件的先进制造技术研究进展

胡绍华^1,2, 曹露², 罗燊¹, 高飞², 谭晶¹, 杨卫民^1,*

作者信息 +

Research Progress in Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Graphite-based Radiative Heating Materials and Devices

HU Shaohua^1,2, CAO Lu², LUO Shen¹, GAO Fei², TAN Jing¹, YANG Weimin^1,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

石墨基辐射加热器具有高红外发射率和良好的高温稳定性,被广泛应用于热试验与高温热处理装备中。为实现石墨基辐射加热器高效均匀加热及复杂构型一体化制造,国内外围绕石墨复合材料的高性能成形、复杂结构制造及精密加工开展了大量研究。本文重点综述石墨复合材料成形与先进制造加工技术的研究进展,包括石墨烯等增强相的引入与界面调控、垂直石墨烯增强结构的原位成形、溶液混合与热压烧结等复合成形工艺,以及面向加热器结构功能一体化的气相沉积成形控制策略。进一步总结多轴数控精密加工、超短脉冲激光微结构加工、超声振动辅助加工和微成形技术在改善表面质量、提高尺寸精度与加工一致性方面的作用,并讨论增材制造技术在复杂结构一体化成形中的优势及其在致密度、组织均匀性和成形一致性等方面面临的技术瓶颈。最后结合典型应用,总结石墨基辐射加热器的抗氧化寿命、性能评价方法与工程应用特征,并提出发展方向。

Abstract

Graphite-based radiative heaters feature high infrared emissivity and excellent high temperature stability, and have been widely used in thermal testing and high temperature heat treatment equipment. To achieve high-efficiency and uniform heating of graphite-based radiative heaters and the integrated fabrication of complex configurations, extensive research has been conducted worldwide on the high-performance forming, complex structure manufacturing, and precision machining of graphite composites. The work aims to review the recent progress in the forming and advanced manufacturing processing technologies of graphite composites, including the introduction of graphene and other reinforcements with interfacial regulation, in situ formation of vertically oriented graphene reinforced architectures, composite forming routes such as solution mixing and hot pressing sintering, and vapor deposition based forming control strategies toward structural and functional integration of heater components. In addition, recent developments in multi axis CNC precision machining, ultrashort pulse laser microstructuring, ultrasonic vibration assisted machining, and microforming are summarized with emphasis on improving surface integrity and dimensional consistency. The opportunities and limitations of additive manufacturing for one step fabrication of complex integrated structures are also discussed, particularly the challenges in achieving consistent densification, microstructural uniformity and forming consistency. Finally, combined with typical applications, the oxidation resistance life, performance evaluation methods and engineering application characteristics of graphite-based radiative heaters are summarized, and future development directions are proposed.

导出引用

胡绍华, 曹露, 罗燊, 高飞, 谭晶, 杨卫民. 石墨基辐射加热材料与器件的先进制造技术研究进展[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(10): 20-30 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.003

HU Shaohua, CAO Lu, LUO Shen, GAO Fei, TAN Jing, YANG Weimin. Research Progress in Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Graphite-based Radiative Heating Materials and Devices[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(10): 20-30 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.10.003

中图分类号： V416

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