目的 解决新型肘杆机构在壳体部件底部精密成形机床中的应用难题。方法 通过将曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构中的三角连杆分解为多个肘杆部件,推导了曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构的曲柄转角与下死点位移的传动数学方程。基于曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构各肘杆及其下死点的运动关系,将曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构归结为2种不同的构型。结果 以壳体部件底部成形冲床的传动机构为应用对象,通过分析曲柄-肘杆机构与曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构下死点位移、速度和加速度曲线和机械利益曲线等参数特性,揭示出新型曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构优越的机械效能。结论 在同等设计参数条件下,2种机构的特性参数曲线仿真结果表明,采用构型Ⅱ的新型曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构设备能够在保证壳体底部成形精度、减少壳体底部塑性回弹的同时,实现用较小的转矩产生较大的冲压力。将仿真分析结果与冲床控制系统的冲压参数进行对比分析,可知采用构型Ⅱ的新型曲柄-三角连杆-肘杆机构设备的机械效能更优,经济效益更好,从而验证了该新型机构模型理论的正确性。
Abstract
The work aims to solve the application problems of the new type toggle mechanism in the high-precision press for bottom forming of shell parts. The triangular connecting rod in the crank-triangular connecting rod-toggle mechanism was divided into multiple toggle components. The transmission mathematical equation between crank rotation angle and bottom dead displacement was derived. Based on the kinematic relationship among toggles of the crank-triangular connecting rod-toggle mechanism as well as their bottom dead, the mechanism was classified as two different types. The transmission mechanism of the press for bottom forming of shell parts was taken as research and application object. By analyzing mechanical transmission parameter characteristics between the crank-toggle mechanism and the crank-triangular connecting rod-toggle mechanism such as displacement, velocity, acceleration and mechanical benefit curve, the new type crank-triangular connecting rod-toggle mechanism had better mechanical efficiency. Under the same parameter conditions, by comparing the simulation results in the displacement, velocity, acceleration and mechanical efficiency curves between two different toggle mechanisms, it verifies that the high-precision press adopting the new crank-triangular connecting rod-toggle mechanism of Configuration II can generate large stamping force with small torque, while guaranteeing the forming accuracy of the shell bottom and reducing its plastic springback. By comparing the simulation analysis results with the stamping parameters of the press control system, it is found that the press with Configuration II of the new type crank-triangular connecting rod-toggle mechanism delivers superior mechanical efficiency and better economic benefits, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical model for this new mechanism.
关键词
高精密冲床 /
肘杆机构 /
肘杆构型 /
机械利益 /
冲压力
Key words
high-precision press /
toggle mechanism /
toggle configuration type /
mechanical advantage /
pressing forming force
中图分类号：
TH132
TH113.2
TG385.1
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