目的 阐明均质化处理温度和保温时间对铸态Mg-9Gd-3Y-2.2Zn-0.5Zr微观组织、第二相演化及力学性能的影响机制。方法 通过TG-DSC确定合金均质化处理温度区间,并在480、500、520 ℃下分别保温4~ 20 h进行均质化处理,结合OM、SEM、XRD及力学性能测试,揭示了均质化处理过程中第二相演化与元素扩散对合金强塑性匹配的协同作用机制。结果 在均质化处理过程中,晶界处Mg5(Gd,Y,Zn)脆性共晶相逐渐溶解,Gd、Y和Zn等元素向晶内扩散,并促进LPSO相形成与演化,使晶粒逐渐等轴化并趋于均匀。然而,过高温度或过长保温时间会导致晶粒粗化和LPSO相溶解,削弱其协调变形和强化作用。经过480 ℃× 8 h均质化处理后,合金获得较优强塑性匹配,因此该条件可确定为铸态Mg-9Gd-3Y-2.2Zn-0.5Zr合金较优的均质化处理工艺。其延伸率由铸态的4.59%提高至8.1%,约为铸态的1.76倍,且抗拉强度为186 MPa,未出现明显下降现象。结论 适当均质化处理通过脆性相溶解、元素扩散和LPSO相合理分布,使Mg-9Gd-3Y-2.2Zn-0.5Zr合金的强塑性匹配性得到有效改善,为该合金均质化处理工艺优化及后续塑性变形加工提供了实验依据和理论参考。
Abstract
The work aims to clarify the effects of homogenization temperature and holding time on the microstructure, second-phase evolution, and mechanical properties of the as-cast Mg-9Gd-3Y-2.2Zn-0.5Zr alloy. The homogenization temperature range of the alloy was determined by TG-DSC analysis, and homogenization treatments were carried out at 480 ℃, 500 ℃, and 520 ℃ for 4-20 h. Combined with OM, SEM, XRD, and mechanical property testing, the synergistic mechanism by which second-phase evolution and elemental diffusion affected the strength-ductility balance of the alloy during homogenization was revealed. The results showed that, during homogenization, the brittle Mg5(Gd,Y,Zn) eutectic phase at grain boundaries gradually dissolved, while Gd, Y, and Zn atoms diffused into the grain interior and promoted the formation and evolution of the LPSO phase, causing the grains to gradually become equiaxed and more uniform. However, excessively high temperature or prolonged holding time could lead to grain coarsening and dissolution of the LPSO phase, thereby weakening its deformation-coordination and strengthening effects. After homogenization at 480 ℃ for 8 h, the alloy achieved a favorable strength-ductility balance; therefore, this condition could be identified as the preferred homogenization treatment for the as-cast Mg-9Gd-3Y-2.2Zn-0.5Zr alloy. Its elongation increased from 4.59% in the as-cast state to 8.1%, approximately 1.76 times that of the as-cast alloy, while the ultimate tensile strength remained at 186 MPa without a significant decrease. These findings indicate that appropriate homogenization treatment effectively improves the strength-ductility balance of the Mg-9Gd-3Y-2.2Zn-0.5Zr alloy through brittle-phase dissolution, elemental diffusion, and the rational distribution of the LPSO phase, providing experimental evidence and theoretical guidance for optimizing the homogenization treatment process and subsequent plastic deformation processing of this alloy.
关键词
Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金 /
均质化处理 /
LPSO相 /
组织演化 /
力学性能
Key words
Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy /
homogenization treatment /
LPSO phase /
microstructural evolution /
mechanical properties
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基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目（52404408）; 国家自然科学基金联合基金（U24A20119）; 山西省基础研究计划（202403021222208）; 太原科技大学科研启动基金（20242039）
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