目的 针对人工焊接劳动强度大等问题,研究盾构机筒体管板多层多道横焊下22 mm深的K形坡口S235碳素结构钢的温度及应力变化。方法 采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立盾构机筒体管板多层多道分析模型,选用双椭球热源模型,对S235碳素结构钢K形坡口焊接温度场及应力场的分布规律进行研究,并通过焊接试验验证了数值模拟的可靠性。结果 焊接热源加载后沿每道焊缝均匀移动,并向焊缝周围扩散,温度以焊缝为对称轴呈对称分布。将模拟得到的焊缝温度云图与试验观察到的宏观焊缝金相截面图进行对比,验证了数值模拟中选取的热源模型及材料参数的准确性。对比各向残余应力峰值可知,厚度方向最大拉应力为238.4 MPa,最大横向拉应力为363.7 MPa,最大纵向拉应力为338.4 MPa,说明焊接残余应力以横向应力和纵向应力为主导,而处于第一层焊道对应坡口背侧母材区域的横向拉应力数值最高,具有开裂风险。结论 通过有限元软件研究了S235碳素结构钢多层多道横焊焊接过程中温度场和应力场的变化规律,为优化焊接工艺和参数提供了理论基础。
Abstract
In response to the problems such as high labor intensity in manual welding, the work aims to study temperature and stress changes of the 22 mm deep K-shaped groove on the S235 carbon structural steel of the tube plate of the shield machine cylinder. With the ABAQUS finite element software, a multi-layer and multi-pass analysis model for the tube plate of the shield machine cylinder was established. A double ellipsoid heat source model was selected to study the distribution laws of the temperature field and stress field of the K-type groove welding of S235 carbon structural steel. The reliability of the numerical simulation was verified through welding experiments. After the welding heat source was applied, it moved uniformly along each weld seam and spread towards the surrounding area. The temperature was symmetrically distributed with the weld seam as the axis of symmetry. By comparing the simulated weld temperature cloud diagram with the macroscopic weld microstructure cross-section diagram observed during the experiment, the accuracy of the selected heat source model and material parameters in the numerical simulation was verified. By comparing the peak values of the residual stress in all directions, it could be seen that the maximum tensile stress in the thickness direction was 238.4 MPa, the maximum transverse tensile stress was 363.7 MPa, and the maximum longitudinal tensile stress was 338.4 MPa. This indicated that the residual welding stress was mainly dominated by transverse stress and longitudinal stress, and the transverse tensile stress in the bevel area facing away from the first weld seam had the highest value and posed a cracking risk. The temperature field and stress field changes during the multi-layer and multi-pass horizontal welding process of S235 carbon structural steel are analyzed and studied through finite element software. This provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the welding process and parameters.
关键词
盾构机筒体厚板 /
多层多道横焊 /
数值模拟 /
温度场 /
应力场
Key words
thick plate of the shield machine cylinder /
multi-layer and multi-pass transverse welding /
numerical simulation /
temperature field /
stress field
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51305037,52175286）
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