目的 为了提高TC4-DT钛合金激光焊接接头的疲劳性能,采用陶瓷喷丸处理对其表面进行强化,阐明喷丸参数和疲劳应力水平对接头疲劳性能的影响,并提出疲劳增益机理。方法 焊前对2块TC4-DT钛合金板表面进行机械打磨,采用激光焊接在纯氩气环境下对其进行初步焊接,并在激光焊后在焊缝中心位置打孔模拟气孔挖补,采用钨极氩弧焊接对焊缝进行补焊,获得几乎无气孔的对接接头,后续对上述焊接接头表面进行陶瓷喷丸处理。测试陶瓷喷丸前后接头的残余应力、粗糙度和硬度,采用扫描电镜和电子背散射衍射技术等手段对其疲劳断口和接头形貌进行表征。结果 在激光功率4.7 kW、焊接速度20 mm/s、摆动频率200 Hz、摆动幅度0.8 mm的焊接工艺参数下,接头的疲劳极限为300 MPa。当陶瓷喷丸压力为0.12 MPa、喷丸流量为1 kg/min、喷射角度为90°、喷射距离为(200±30) mm时,接头的疲劳寿命显著提升。结论 陶瓷喷丸处理可以改善接头的表面应力状态,增厚淬硬层,从而显著提高接头的疲劳寿命。
Abstract
The work aims to enhance the fatigue performance of TC4-DT alloy laser welded joints by surface strengthening through ceramic shot peening, clarify the influence of shot peening parameters and fatigue stress levels on the fatigue performance of the joints, and reveal the intrinsic mechanism underlying the improvement of fatigue performance. Two TC4-DT alloy plates were mechanically ground prior to welding. Preliminary laser welding was performed under a pure argon atmosphere, followed by drilling a hole at the center of the weld seam to simulate porosity repair. Subsequent tungsten inert gas welding was conducted to repair the weld seam, yielding a void-free butt joint. Furthermore, the surfaces of the aforementioned welded joints were treated by ceramic shot peening. Residual stress, surface roughness, and hardness of the joints were tested before and after ceramic shot peening. Techniques such as acanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were employed to characterize the fatigue fracture surfaces and microstructural morphologies of the joints. Results indicated that the fatigue limit reached 300 MPa under the laser welding parameters of 4.7 kW laser power, 20 mm/s welding speed, 200 Hz swing frequency, and 0.8 mm swing amplitude. When ceramic shot peening was performed with a pressure of 0.12 MPa, a flow rate of 1 kg/min, a jet angle of 90°, and a jet distance of (200±30) mm, the fatigue life of the joint was significantly improved. In conclusion, ceramic shot peening can optimize the surface stress state of the welded joint and thicken the surface hardened layer, thereby remarkably improving its fatigue life.
关键词
TC4-DT钛合金 /
激光焊 /
陶瓷喷丸 /
疲劳性能 /
残余应力
Key words
TC4-DT alloys /
laser welding /
ceramic shot peening /
fatigue property /
residual stress
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