差异处理对6061铝合金管材弯曲成形质量的影响

朱鹏; 陈明; 徐勇; 解文龙; 宋鸿武; 张驰; 李良有; 李良宏; 李磊

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.012

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (8) : 135-144. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.012

轻合金成形

差异处理对6061铝合金管材弯曲成形质量的影响

朱鹏¹, 陈明¹, 徐勇^2,*, 解文龙², 宋鸿武², 张驰², 李良有³, 李良宏³, 李磊³

作者信息 +

Effect of Differential Treatment on Bending Forming Quality of 6061 Aluminum Alloy Tubes

ZHU Peng¹, CHEN Ming¹, XU Yong^2,*, XIE Wenlong², SONG Hongwu², ZHANG Chi², LI Liangyou³, LI Lianghong³, LI Lei³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的针对绕弯成形易导致弯管壁厚和截面畸变程度成形不佳的问题,在常规数控绕弯成形的基础上,提出了差性材料和差异润滑相结合的差异绕弯成形新方法。方法通过激光对管材外侧进行局部热处理以实现差性材料的制备,对数控绕弯的成形模具施加不同的润滑条件以实现差异润滑;通过建立6061铝合金绕弯成形有限元模型,研究差异条件对成形壁厚和截面畸变的影响规律。结果在差性材料研究中,不同激光功率可实现管材外侧不同温度局部热处理,改变处理区的组织和性能,当激光热处理温度为450 ℃时,管材外侧材料抗变形能力强,管材成形质量有所改善。在差异润滑研究中,摩擦系数为0.15,当摩擦系数超过0.15时,会导致管材内侧起皱,当摩擦系数小于0.15时,会导致管材外侧减薄严重。结论采用上述2种参数,将2种差异化处理方法与差性材料和差异润滑法相结合,得到弯曲角度为90°的6061铝合金管材,其外侧减薄率为11.3%,内侧增厚率为10.3%,截面畸变率为3.6%。本文提出的差异化绕弯成形方法可为弯管的可靠性整体成形提供新的参考方案。

Abstract

Addressing the issue that rotary draw bending tends to cause poor forming quality of tube wall thickness and cross-sectional distortion, the work aims to propose a novel differential rotary draw bending method combining property-graded materials and differential lubrication based on conventional CNC rotary draw bending. Property-graded materials were prepared through localized laser heat treatment on the tube's outer side, while differential lubrication was implemented by applying specific lubrication conditions to different forming dies. A finite element model for bending 6061 aluminum alloy tubes was established to investigate the effect of these differentiated conditions on wall thickness and cross-sectional distortion. In the study of property-graded materials, varying laser power enabled localized heat treatment at different temperatures, altering the microstructure and properties of the outer tube material. Optimal forming quality was achieved at a laser heat treatment temperature of 450 ℃, which enhanced the deformation resistance of the outer side material. In the differential lubrication study, a friction coefficient of 0.15 was identified as optimal. Exceeding this value caused wrinkling on the inner side, while a lower value exacerbated wall thinning on the outer side. With the above-mentioned two sets of parameters, two differential treatment methods are combined with the property-graded materials and differential lubrication to obtain 6061 aluminum alloy tubes with a bending angle of 90°. The outer wall thinning ratio is 11.3%, the inner wall thickening ratio is 10.3%, and the cross-sectional distortion ratio is 3.6%. The proposed differentiated rotary draw bending method provides a new and viable reference for achieving reliable integral forming of bent tubes.

导出引用

朱鹏, 陈明, 徐勇, 解文龙, 宋鸿武, 张驰, 李良有, 李良宏, 李磊. 差异处理对6061铝合金管材弯曲成形质量的影响[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(8): 135-144 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.012

ZHU Peng, CHEN Ming, XU Yong, XIE Wenlong, SONG Hongwu, ZHANG Chi, LI Liangyou, LI Lianghong, LI Lei. Effect of Differential Treatment on Bending Forming Quality of 6061 Aluminum Alloy Tubes[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(8): 135-144 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.012

中图分类号： TG356.5+4

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