钛铜异种金属超声波点焊组织和力学性能研究

史晨旭; 王世清; 强伟; 李昌林; 张强

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.004

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (8) : 53-62. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.004

高端能源、航空航天装备部件精密成形关键技术

钛铜异种金属超声波点焊组织和力学性能研究

史晨旭¹, 王世清^1,*, 强伟¹, 李昌林¹, 张强²

作者信息 +

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium and Copper Dissimilar Joints Fabricated by Ultrasonic Spot Welding

SHI Chenxu¹, WANG Shiqing^1,*, QIANG Wei¹, LI Changlin¹, ZHANG Qiang²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的系统探究超声波点焊工艺参数及银箔中间层抑制脆性相生成的机制,为钛/铜异种金属的优质、高效连接提供可靠的理论依据与可行的工程应用方案。方法采用超声波点焊技术,系统探究焊接压力、振幅及银箔中间层厚度对接头微观组织与力学性能的影响规律,揭示银箔中间层的界面调控机制。结果银箔中间层可有效阻隔Ti、Cu原子直接接触,抑制TiCu、Ti₂Cu等脆性相生成,在界面形成Ag-Cu无限固溶体与Ag-Ti有限固溶体梯度过渡层;接头硬度从铜侧到钛侧呈梯度升高的不对称分布;接头剪切强度随各焊接工艺参数增加而升高,在焊接压力0.4 MPa、振幅40 μm、中间层厚度100 μm的优化工艺下,接头最大剪切强度达138.59 MPa,较50 μm银箔中间层接头提升29.8%。结论超声波点焊可实现TC4/H62优质固态连接,银箔中间层通过调控界面相组成与过渡层结构显著改善接头性能,为钛/铜异种金属连接提供了可行的技术途径。

Abstract

The work aims to systematically investigate the mechanism of ultrasonic spot welding process parameters and Ag foil interlayer on inhibiting the formation of brittle phases, to provide a reliable theoretical basis and feasible engineering application scheme for the high-quality and high-efficiency joining of Ti/Cu dissimilar metals. Ultrasonic spot welding technology was adopted to systematically explore the effect law of welding pressure, vibration amplitude and Ag foil interlayer thickness on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints, and reveal the interfacial regulation mechanism of the Ag foil interlayer. The Ag foil interlayer could effectively block the direct contact between Ti and Cu atoms, inhibit the formation of brittle phases such as TiCu and Ti₂Cu, and form a gradient transition layer of Ag-Cu infinite solid solution and Ag-Ti limited solid solution at the interface. The hardness distribution of the joint presented an asymmetric characteristic with a gradient increase from the copper side to the titanium side. The shear strength of the joint increased with the increase of each welding process parameter. Under the optimized process parameters of welding pressure 0.4 MPa, vibration amplitude 40 μm and 100 μm Ag foil interlayer, the maximum shear strength of the joint reached 138.59 MPa, which was 29.8% higher than that of the joint with 50 μm Ag foil interlayer. Ultrasonic spot welding can realize high-quality solid-state joining of TC4 titanium alloy and H62 brass alloy. The Ag foil interlayer can effectively regulate the interfacial microstructure and improve the joint performance, which provides support for the engineering application of this joining system.

导出引用

史晨旭, 王世清, 强伟, 李昌林, 张强. 钛铜异种金属超声波点焊组织和力学性能研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(8): 53-62 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.004

SHI Chenxu, WANG Shiqing, QIANG Wei, LI Changlin, ZHANG Qiang. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium and Copper Dissimilar Joints Fabricated by Ultrasonic Spot Welding[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(8): 53-62 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.08.004

中图分类号： TG407

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