轧制、热处理工艺对中子屏蔽Mg-15Gd合金组织和性能的影响研究

陆骅冰; 乐韵琳; 牛恩赐; 张伟; 毛建军; 吴璐; 佘加

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.07.068

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (7) : 68-80. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.07.068

轻合金成形

轧制、热处理工艺对中子屏蔽Mg-15Gd合金组织和性能的影响研究

陆骅冰^1a, 乐韵琳², 牛恩赐^1a, 张伟³, 毛建军³, 吴璐³, 佘加^1a,1b,*

作者信息 +

Effects of Rolling and Heat Treatment Processes on Microstructure and Properties of Neutron-Shielding Mg-15Gd Alloy

LU Huabing^1a, LE Yunlin², NIU Enci^1a, ZHANG Wei³, MAO Jianjun³, WU Lu³, SHE Jia^1a,1b,*

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的研究轧制与热处理工艺对Mg-15Gd合金微观组织、力学性能及中子屏蔽性能的协同影响规律,以期解决屏蔽均匀性欠佳及强度不足的问题。方法对Mg-15Gd铸态合金进行500 ℃、6 h的固溶处理,随后在150 ℃下进行变形量为25%的低温轧制,并对轧制板材进行225 ℃、120 h的峰值时效处理,通过显微组织分析、拉伸实验与中子屏蔽测试（实验与SuperMC模拟）系统评估性能变化。结果 “固溶+轧制+时效”工艺有效溶解了晶界粗大Mg₅Gd相,减少了Gd元素宏观偏析,轧制作为关键步骤,显著细化了合金晶粒,平均晶粒尺寸由铸态的180 μm细化至71 μm,并诱导形成强基面织构。晶粒细化与织构协同效应使合金获得最优的综合性能。在轧制后厚度减薄至3 mm时,仍获得最高屏蔽系数K=22.7、线性衰减系数μ=10.41 cm^-1与抗拉强度197.2 MPa。结论采用“固溶+轧制+时效”的复合工艺可同步提升Mg-15Gd合金的力学性能与中子屏蔽性能。轧制是实现晶粒细化与强织构的关键步骤,其与热处理共同作用,为开发高性能轻质中子屏蔽结构材料提供了有效的技术途径。

Abstract

The work aims to investigate the synergistic effects of rolling and heat treatment processes on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and neutron shielding performance of Mg-15Gd alloy, so as to address the critical issues of poor shielding uniformity and insufficient strength. The as-cast Mg-15Gd alloy was subject to solution treatment at 500 ℃ for 6 h, followed by warm rolling with a 25% reduction at 150 ℃, and then peak aging treatment at 225 ℃ for 120 h. The property evolution was systematically evaluated through microstructure analysis, tensile testing, and neutron shielding tests (experimental and SuperMC simulation). The results demonstrated that the “solution+rolling+aging” process effectively dissolved coarse Mg₅Gd phases at grain boundaries and reduced Gd element segregation. Rolling, as the key step, significantly refined the alloy grains, reducing the average grain size from 180 μm (as-cast) to 71 μm, and induced a strong basal texture. The synergistic effect of grain refinement and texture enhancement resulted in the optimal comprehensive performance. Even when the thickness was reduced to 3 mm after rolling, the alloy achieved the highest shielding coefficient (K=22.7), linear attenuation coefficient (μ=10.41 cm^-1), and tensile strength (197.2 MPa). In conclusion, the findings indicate that the composite process of “solution+ rolling+aging” can simultaneously improve both the mechanical and neutron shielding properties of Mg-15Gd alloy. Rolling is identified as the crucial step for achieving grain refinement and strong texture. Its combination with heat treatment provides an effective technical pathway for developing high-performance, lightweight neutron shielding structural materials.

导出引用

陆骅冰, 乐韵琳, 牛恩赐, 张伟, 毛建军, 吴璐, 佘加. 轧制、热处理工艺对中子屏蔽Mg-15Gd合金组织和性能的影响研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(7): 68-80 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.07.068

LU Huabing, LE Yunlin, NIU Enci, ZHANG Wei, MAO Jianjun, WU Lu, SHE Jia. Effects of Rolling and Heat Treatment Processes on Microstructure and Properties of Neutron-Shielding Mg-15Gd Alloy[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(7): 68-80 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.07.068

中图分类号： TG339

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