目的 提出一种温和、高效且可控的加工策略,用于制备兼具高压电响应和优异力学强度的PVDF基复合薄膜。方法 提出了静电纺丝-循环动态力场多场耦合的加工方法。该方法利用静电场的拉伸作用初步诱导PVDF分子链取向,促进了β相的形成。随后,对纺丝后的薄膜施加循环动态拉伸应力场进行后处理。通过广角X射线衍射（WAXD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了PVDF/BTO复合薄膜在静电场与循环动态力场下的结构演变,通过电滞回线（PE loop）、宽频介电谱（BDS）揭示了铁电、介电、压电性能之间的作用机制。结果 循环动态力场可在后处理过程中将β相的质量分数由73.8%进一步提升至86.7%,同时实现高达39.9 pC/N的压电系数与50.2 MPa的优异拉伸强度,并具有良好的灵敏度以及线性度。结论 该方法成功构建了一种新型、高效的制备策略,通过静电纺丝与循环动态力场的协同作用,有效提升了PVDF/BTO复合薄膜的β相含量、压电响应和力学韧性,不仅工艺条件温和、可控性强,而且在自供电柔性压力传感器、可穿戴设备及能量收集等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。
Abstract
The work aims to develop a mild, efficient, and controllable processing strategy for preparing PVDF-based composite films that combine high piezoelectric response with excellent mechanical strength. A multi-field coupled processing method combining electrospinning with a cyclic dynamic force field was proposed. In this process, the stretching effect of the electrostatic field was used to initially induce PVDF molecular-chain orientation and promote formation of the β phase. Then, the as-spun films were post-treated by applying a cyclic dynamic force field. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the structural evolution of PVDF/BTO composite films under the electrostatic field and the cyclic dynamic force field, and the interactions among ferroelectric, dielectric, and piezoelectric were revealed by polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loops and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). The results showed that the cyclic dynamic force field could further increase the β-phase content from 73.8% to 86.7% during post-treatment, while achieving an ultrahigh piezoelectric coefficient of 39.9 pC/N and an excellent mechanical strength of 50.2 MPa, together with good sensitivity and linearity. This work successfully establishes a novel and efficient fabrication strategy that, through the synergy of electrospinning and a cyclic dynamic force field, effectively enhances the β-phase content, piezoelectric response, and mechanical toughness of PVDF/BTO composite films. The process conditions are mild and highly controllable, and the films show great application potential in fields such as self-powered flexible pressure sensors, wearable devices, and energy harvesting.
关键词
复合薄膜 /
静电纺丝 /
循环动态力场 /
β相 /
压电性能
Key words
composite film /
electrospinning /
dynamic force field /
β phase /
piezoelectric performance
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52373035）; 广东省教育厅科研项目（2024B03J1242）; 广东省教育厅科研项目,（2022KCXTD044）
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