目的 优化热变形工艺路线和试验参数,获得组织均匀和性能优异的GH4169合金大型模锻件。方法 首先采用Deform模拟软件分析了锻件不同坯料形貌和不同变形参数下的应变场和温度场分布,随后结合现场试验对不同成形锻件的微观组织和力学性能进行了分析。结果 大型模锻件的应变场和温度场分布与坯料形貌有关,合理的坯料形貌能够提升锻件应变场和温度场的均匀性,进而改善锻件微观组织形貌。在小变形区和过渡区,应变极差高达1,锻件部分位置发生了不完全再结晶现象,产生“项链”结构的微观组织,造成锻件内部出现大量混晶组织。完全动态再结晶区域与小变形区域的抗拉强度差超过63 MPa,屈服强度差超过112 MPa,同时延伸率差值超过6.3%,具有优异的力学性能。而在变形死区和过渡区,由于组织分布不均匀,因此力学性能与高应变区域相比较差。结论 小变形区域形成的“项链”结构显著降低了锻件力学性能,而在完全动态再结晶区域,组织均匀且细小,具有较好的综合力学性能。
Abstract
The work aims to optimize the hot deformation process route and experimental parameters to obtain GH4169 alloy large die forgings with uniform microstructure and excellent properties. Firstly, Deform simulation software was used to analyze the strain and temperature field distributions of forgings under different billet morphologies and deformation parameters. Then, the microstructure and mechanical properties of different formed forgings were analyzed in combination with field experiments. The results indicated that the distribution of strain and temperature fields in large-scale die forgings was related to the morphology of the billet. A reasonable billet morphology could enhance the uniformity of the strain and temperature fields in the forgings, thereby improving the microstructural morphology of the forgings. In the small deformation zone and the transition zone, the strain difference could reach up to 1, leading to incomplete recrystallization in certain parts of the forging, resulting in a “necklace” structure and mixed grain structure inside the forging. The difference in tensile strength between the fully dynamic recrystallization zone and the small deformation zone exceeded 63 MPa, the difference in yield strength exceeded 112 MPa, and the difference in elongation exceeded 6.3%, showing excellent mechanical properties. In the deformation dead zone and the transition zone, due to uneven tissue distribution, the mechanical properties were poorer compared with the high strain zone. In conclusion, the “necklace structure” formed in the small deformation zone significantly reduces the mechanical properties of the forgings. However, in the fully dynamic recrystallization zone, the microstructure is uniform and fine, exhibiting good comprehensive mechanical properties.
关键词
GH4169合金 /
坯料形貌 /
有限元模拟 /
微观组织 /
力学性能
Key words
GH4169 alloy /
billet morphology /
finite element simulation /
microstructure /
mechanical property
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基金
新材料重大专项项目（2024ZD0600100）
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