目的 探究不同退火温度对10Mn体系中锰钢微观组织与力学性能的影响规律,以确定获得最佳综合性能的退火工艺参数。方法 通过真空熔炼、固溶处理、热轧及不同温度的退火工艺制备实验钢。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、电子背散射衍射（EBSD）和X射线衍射（XRD）进行微观组织表征,并结合万能拉伸试验机测试其力学性能。结果 随着退火温度升高,显微组织由轧态的板条状逐渐演变为铁素体与奥氏体共存的双相等轴形态。奥氏体体积分数随温度的升高持续增加,在600、650、700 ℃时分别为19%、38.9%和41.5%。奥氏体的平均碳含量则呈现先增后降的趋势,并在650 ℃时达到峰值。力学性能测试结果表明,650 ℃退火的试样综合性能最优,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别达到801 MPa、1 012 MPa和54.6%。结论 在650 ℃退火时,奥氏体体积分数与其稳定性之间达到最佳匹配,能够在变形过程中持续激发TRIP效应,有效促进应变硬化并改善塑性协调能力,最终使材料获得高达55.2 GPa·%的强塑积,展现出优异的强塑性匹配。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the effect of different annealing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the medium-manganese steel in 10Mn system, so as to determine the optimal annealing parameters for achieving the best comprehensive performance. Experimental steels were prepared through vacuum melting, solution treatment, hot rolling, and annealing at various temperatures. Microstructural characterization was performed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties were evaluated by means of uniaxial tensile testing. As the annealing temperature increased, the microstructure evolved from the as-rolled lath morphology into a dual-phase equiaxed structure consisting of ferrite and austenite. The volume fraction of the austenite continuously increased with the temperature, reaching 19%, 38.9%, and 41.5% at 600, 650, and 700 ℃, respectively. In contrast, the average carbon content of the austenite firstly increased and then decreased, peaking at 650 ℃. Tensile tests indicated that the sample annealed at 650 ℃ exhibited the optimum comprehensive mechanical properties, with yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation reaching 801 MPa, 1 012 MPa, and 54.6%, respectively. Annealing at 650 ℃ results in an optimal balance between the volume fraction and stability of the austenite. During deformation, this condition promotes a sustained transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, which enhances strain hardening and improves plastic compatibility. As a result, an excellent product of strength and elongation (PSE) of 55.2 GPa·% is achieved, demonstrating outstanding strength-ductility synergy.
关键词
中锰钢 /
临界区退火 /
微观组织 /
力学性能 /
碳含量
Key words
medium-Mn steel /
intercritical annealing /
microstructure /
mechanical properties /
carbon content
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基金
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目（GJJ2204811）; 九江市基础研究计划（2025_001332）
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