目的 为了避免传统人工浇注过程中存在的浇注稳定性差、流体流动行为无法控制、浇注精度低等缺点,对真空浇筑设备进行改进,建立数学模型,并在此基础上开发PLC程序以提高铸件质量。方法 根据实际工况对真空浇注时坩埚的倾转过程进行数学建模,利用坩埚倾转角速度与高温合金熔体浇注速度的瞬时变化关系,建立了恒定流量条件下的浇口杯水平移动补偿模型,并在Matlab中对模型进行了编译,最终开发了对应的VC++程序和PLC程序,并将计算获得的自动浇注曲线输入真空浇注设备中。结果 根据实际参数计算获得的自动浇注曲线,能够使浇注平台通过横向位移补偿金属液在下落过程中产生的位置偏移,保证金属液全部进入浇口杯内。结论 应用本文开发的坩埚倾转和浇注平台水平移动补偿模型能够有效地保证镍基高温合金精密铸造浇注过程的稳定性。
Abstract
In order to avoid the poor pouring stability, uncontrollable fluid flow behavior, low pouring accuracy and other shortcomings of the traditional manual control in the pouring process, the work aims to improve the vacuum pouring equipment, establish a mathematical model and develop a PLC program to optimize the quality of castings. According to actual working conditions, mathematical modeling was conducted on the tilting process of the crucible during vacuum pouring. Based on the instantaneous relationship between the crucible tilting angular velocity and the pouring velocity of the superalloy melt, a horizontal movement compensation model for the pouring cup under constant flow rate was established. The model was compiled in MATLAB and the corresponding VC++ programs and PLC programs were finally developed. The calculated auto-pouring curve was then input into the vacuum pouring equipment. The auto-pouring curve obtained by calculation according to the input of actual parameters could compensate the transverse displacement caused by the positional shift of the liquid metal generated in the falling process thought the movement of pouring platform, ensuring the melt entering into the pouring cup completely. The application of the crucible tilting and pouring platform horizontal displacement compensation model developed in this work can effectively ensure the stability of the pouring process of nickel-based superalloy during precision casting.
关键词
镍基高温合金 /
真空精铸 /
自动浇注 /
坩埚倾转模型 /
移动补偿模型
Key words
nickel-based superalloy /
vacuum precision casting /
auto-pouring /
crucible tilting model /
movement compensation model
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