目的 采用激光-MAG复合焊接技术对10 mm厚的10CrNi3MoV钢进行焊接试验,分析了不同坡口形式对焊接接头成形质量、微观组织及力学性能的影响,探索了采用激光-MAG复合焊接技术焊接10 mm厚10CrNi3MoV钢的可行性。方法 针对10 mm厚的10CrNi3MoV钢,分别采用Y型坡口和I型坡口进行激光-MAG复合焊接试验,对比2种坡口形式下接头的微观组织、显微硬度和力学性能。结论 采用Y型坡口两道次焊接和I型坡口一道次焊接所得到的焊接接头的宏观成形均较好。焊接接头的焊缝中心组织主要由晶内针状铁素体、先共析铁素体和少量粒状贝氏体构成,热影响区组织由板条马氏体和少量粒状贝氏体组成。2种坡口形式下的焊接接头的最大显微硬度值均出现在热影响区粗晶区,Y型坡口的焊缝区硬度略大于I型坡口的,硬度最小值均位于热影响区软化区,约为230HV10。Y型坡口和I型坡口的焊接接头的平均抗拉强度分别为782 MPa和735 MPa,拉伸断裂在母材处。I型坡口焊缝中心的-20 ℃冲击韧性大于Y型坡口的,但其熔合线和熔合线外+2 mm处的冲击韧性小于Y型坡口的。经过180°正弯和背弯测试发现,焊接接头均没有出现裂纹,满足使用要求。对I型坡口接头进行电化学测试可知,焊缝的耐腐蚀性比母材和热影响区的更好。
Abstract
The work aims to conduct welding experiments on 10 mm thick 10CrNi3MoV steel by Laser-MAG hybrid welding to analyze the effect of different groove forms on the forming quality, microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints, and explore the feasibility of laser-MAG hybrid welding for 10 mm thick 10CrNi3MoV steel. Laser-MAG hybrid welding experiments were carried out on 10 mm thick 10CrNi3MoV steel with Y grooves and I grooves, respectively. The microstructure, microhardness and mechanical properties of the joints with the two groove forms were compared. The macroscopic forming of welded joints obtained by Y groove two-pass welding and I groove one-pass welding is better. The weld center of the welded joint is mainly composed of intragranular acicular ferrite, proeutectoid ferrite and a small amount of granular bainite. The heat affected zone is composed of lath martensite and a small amount of granular bainite. The maximum microhardness values of the welded joints obtained by the two groove forms appear in the coarse grain zone of the heat affected zone. The hardness of the weld zone obtained by the Y groove is slightly larger than that of the I groove, and the minimum hardness is located in the softening zone of the heat affected zone. The value is about 230HV10. The average tensile strength of the welded joints obtained by the Y groove and the I groove are 782 MPa and 735 MPa, respectively, and the tensile fracture is at the base metal. The -20 ℃ impact toughness of the weld center obtained by the I groove is greater than that of the Y groove, but the impact toughness of the fusion line and the fusion line +2 mm is less than that of the Y groove. The joint contains no cracks after 180° positive bending and back bending tests, which meets the use requirements. The electrochemical testing on the joint with the I groove shows that the corrosion resistance of the weld seam is better than that of the base metal and heat affected zone.
关键词
激光-MAG复合焊接 /
微观组织 /
力学性能 /
耐腐蚀性能
Key words
laser-MAG hybrid welding /
microstructure /
mechanical properties /
corrosion resistance
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基金
江苏省高校“青蓝工程”项目（014000773/2018-00376）
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