电镀锌高强钢冲压成形关键因素研究与改善

陈明; 董蓓; 彭周; 魏星

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.03.011

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3) : 98-104. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.03.011

钢铁成形

电镀锌高强钢冲压成形关键因素研究与改善

陈明, 董蓓, 彭周, 魏星

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Critical Factors and Improvement in Stamping Forming of Electro-galvanized High-strength Steel

CHEN Ming, DONG Bei, PENG Zhou, WEI Xing

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摘要

目的探寻某车型立柱加强板使用的电镀锌双相钢HC340/590DPE+Z在冲压成形时频繁发生拉延开裂的原因,以更好地实现电镀锌高强钢在车身结构件上的应用。方法应用德国ZWICK公司的Z050拉伸试验机、日本奥林巴斯公司的OLYMPUS GX71金相显微镜、晶格畸变分析仪LDA-30,分别进行原材料的力学性能、微观组织及摩擦系数测试,并且采用Autoform R8商业化冲压成形分析软件开展多工艺参数冲压仿真,寻找零件冲压出现拉延开裂的主控因素。结果经过多因素综合分析发现,较高的表面摩擦系数为冲压过程中拉延开裂的主控因素（当表面摩擦系数高于0.16时,开裂风险显著增大）,原材料屈服强度和加工硬化指数（n值）等力学性能是零件拉延开裂的次要因素。结论优化电镀锌工艺参数使摩擦系数由0.213降至0.16以下,实际冲压工序不再出现开裂。该研究为显著提高高强钢电镀锌工艺优化与冲压应用提供了理论依据和工艺指导。

Abstract

The work aims to investigate the frequent occurrence of drawing cracks during the stamping of electro-galvanized dual-phase steel HC340/590DPE+Z used in pillar reinforcement panels of a certain vehicle, so as to better promote the application of electro-galvanized high-strength steel in automotive body structural components. Mechanical properties (tensile strength and yield strength), microstructural characteristics, and friction coefficients of the material were analyzed with a Zwick Z050 tensile testing machine, an Olympus GX71 metallurgical microscope, and a LDA-30 lattice distortion analyzer. Additionally, multi-parameter stamping simulations were performed with the commercial software AutoForm R8 to identify the dominant factors affecting drawing cracks. Comprehensive analysis revealed that a high surface friction coefficient (critical threshold: >0.16) was the primary factor causing cracks during stamping. Material properties such as yield strength and work-hardening exponent (n-value) were secondary contributors. Optimizing electro-galvanizing process parameters reduces the friction coefficient from 0.213 to below 0.16, experimentally verifying that the cracking rate is maintained at 0%. This study provides theoretical insights and technical support for optimizing electro-galvanized high-strength steel processes and their stamping applications, enhancing the reliability of their use in automotive structural components.

导出引用

陈明, 董蓓, 彭周, 魏星. 电镀锌高强钢冲压成形关键因素研究与改善[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(3): 98-104 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.03.011

CHEN Ming, DONG Bei, PENG Zhou, WEI Xing. Critical Factors and Improvement in Stamping Forming of Electro-galvanized High-strength Steel[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(3): 98-104 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.03.011

中图分类号： TG376.2

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