目的 针对T4P态Al-Mg-Si合金轧制板材在冲压成型后零件表面呈现罗平（Roping）纹缺陷问题,通过优化热轧终轧温度以改善Roping纹缺陷。方法 采用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）及表面拓扑扫描表征手段,探究了热轧终轧温度对Al-Mg-Si合金板材微观组织、织构演变及Roping形貌的影响机制。结果 当热轧终轧温度为400 ℃时,热轧态板材基体中析出了大量的微米级Mg2Si相,该析出相在后续固溶处理再结晶过程中作为异质形核核心,细化了T4P态板材的晶粒尺寸;但高的热轧终轧温度使热轧态板材具有较高体积分数的再结晶织构,其中Cube织构（{001}<100>）体积分数达11.57%,该织构通过遗传效应使T4P态板材中Cube织构体积分数增加至17.47%,加重了板材表面Roping纹缺陷。当热轧终轧温度降至300 ℃时,热轧态板材中Mg2Si相析出量显著减少;低的热轧终轧温度有效抑制了热轧态板材的再结晶程度,削弱了Cube织构的遗传效应,使T4P态板材中Cube织构体积分数降低至6.84%,减轻了Roping纹缺陷。结论 将热轧终轧温度由400 ℃降低至300 ℃,有效降低了T4P态板材的Cube织构体积分数,改善了合金板材表面的Roping纹缺陷。
Abstract
The work aims to address the issue of Roping defects on the surface of parts formed by stamping rolled sheets of T4P-state Al-Mg-Si alloys, and to eliminate such roping defects by optimizing the finishing temperature of hot rolling. The effect of hot rolling finishing temperature on the microstructure, texture evolution, and Roping morphology of Al-Mg-Si alloy sheets was comprehensively investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface topography analysis. When the hot rolling finishing temperature was maintained at 400 ℃, abundant micron-scale Mg2Si phases precipitated in the hot-rolled sheet microstructure. These precipitates served as heterogeneous nucleation sites during subsequent recrystallization of solution treatment, resulting in a refined grain structure in the T4P state sheet. However, a higher hot rolling finishing temperature promoted a higher volume fraction of recrystallization textures in the hot-rolled sheet microstructure, with the volume fraction of Cube texture ({001}<100>) reaching 11.57%. This texture was inherited through genetic effects, increasing the volume fraction of Cube texture to 17.47% in the T4P state sheet microstructure and exacerbating surface Roping morphology. When the hot rolling finishing temperature was reduced to 300 ℃, the precipitation of Mg2Si phases in the hot-rolled sheet microstructure significantly decreased. The lower hot rolling finishing temperature significantly inhibited recrystallization in the hot-rolled sheet microstructure, decreasing the genetic inheritance of Cube texture. Consequently, the volume fraction of Cube texture in the T4P state sheet decreased to 6.84%, and surface Roping morphology was improved. Reducing the hot rolling finishing temperature from 400 ℃ to 300 ℃ effectively decreases the Cube texture volume fraction in the T4P state sheet, thereby improving the Roping defect on the surface of the alloy sheet.
关键词
Al-Mg-Si合金 /
热轧 /
再结晶 /
织构 /
罗平
Key words
Al-Mg-Si alloy /
hot rolling /
recrystallization /
texture /
Roping
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