定向凝固CM247LC镍基高温合金开裂行为研究

刘满平; 宗周颖毅; 马辉; 陈昱林; 李好好; 赵国平; 孙少纯

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.025

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2) : 266-274. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.025

高温合金成形

定向凝固CM247LC镍基高温合金开裂行为研究

刘满平^1,*, 宗周颖毅¹, 马辉¹, 陈昱林^2,*, 李好好¹, 赵国平¹, 孙少纯¹

作者信息 +

Cracking Behavior of Directionally Solidified CM247LC Nickel-based Superalloy

LIU Manping^1,*, ZONG Zhouyingyi¹, MA Hui¹, CHEN Yulin^2,*, LI Haohao¹, ZHAO Guoping¹, SUN Shaochun¹

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的为探明镍基高温合金在使用过程中产生裂纹的原因,对定向凝固CM247LC合金中的晶界裂纹进行分析,研究合金元素的微观偏析及碳化物对开裂行为的影响。方法利用光镜观察了铸态和热处理状态CM247LC合金的组织形貌,通过扫描电子显微镜分析了合金内部细小的γ/γ′共晶析出相和MC碳化物的分布情况,并得到了不同区域中元素的偏析情况。结果定向凝固铸态CM247LC合金的横截面组织是树枝状,在枝晶间明显存在MC碳化物和γ/γ′共晶组织,合金在铸态下偏析比较严重。与热处理态相比,铸态下的晶界裂纹更宽,晶界裂纹的组织结构和形貌更清晰,晶界裂纹位置依然处在枝晶间区域。结论由于MC碳化物与基体在弹性和热物性上不匹配,因此其界面区域易形成应力集中并诱发微裂纹;当MC碳化物在局部区域发生富集时,应力集中效应进一步增强,局部应力一旦超过材料的断裂强度,裂纹便会萌生并扩展,最终引起合金开裂。

Abstract

To investigate the causes of crack formation of nickel-based superalloys during use, the work aims to analyze the grain boundary cracks in directionally solidified CM247LC alloy, and study the effect of microsegregation of alloy elements and carbides on cracking behavior. The microstructure of CM247LC alloy in as cast and heat-treated states was observed with a light microscope. The distribution of fine γ/γ' eutectic precipitates and MC carbides inside the alloy was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and the segregation of elements in different regions was obtained. The cross-sectional microstructure of directionally solidified cast CM247LC alloy was dendritic, with obvious MC carbides and γ/γ' eutectic structures between dendrites. The alloy exhibited severe segregation in the as cast state. Compared with the heat-treated state, the grain boundary cracks in the as cast state were wider, and the microstructure and morphology of the grain boundary cracks were clearer. The location of the grain boundary cracks was still in the interdendritic region. Owing to the mismatch in elastic and thermophysical properties between MC carbides and the matrix, stress concentration is prone to occur at their interface regions, which may induce microcracks. When MC carbides become enriched in local areas, the stress concentration effect is further intensified. Once the local stress exceeds the fracture strength of the material, cracks initiate and propagate, ultimately leading to alloy cracking.

导出引用

刘满平, 宗周颖毅, 马辉, 陈昱林, 李好好, 赵国平, 孙少纯. 定向凝固CM247LC镍基高温合金开裂行为研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(2): 266-274 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.025

LIU Manping, ZONG Zhouyingyi, MA Hui, CHEN Yulin, LI Haohao, ZHAO Guoping, SUN Shaochun. Cracking Behavior of Directionally Solidified CM247LC Nickel-based Superalloy[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(2): 266-274 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.02.025

中图分类号： TG146.1+5

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