目的 探究固溶温度对Cu-3.4Ti合金初生相的回溶行为以及组织演变与力学性能协同调控的影响规律,为Cu-Ti合金后续时效与成形工艺优化提供理论依据。方法 结合Cu-Ti合金相图,在800、850、900、950 ℃下进行固溶处理实验。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析物相;通过金相显微镜（OM）进行金相分析,观察合金的晶粒形貌;利用配备有能量色散光谱仪（EDS）和电子背散射衍射（EBSD）的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析合金的成分和微观组织;通过室温拉伸实验测试合金的抗拉强度和延伸率。结果 当固溶温度为800~950 ℃时,锻态合金中的Cu3Ti初生相基本回溶,显著提升了基体的过饱和度。随着温度的升高,合金晶粒逐渐长大,在950 ℃时出现晶界过烧及异常长大现象,组织稳定性下降。力学性能测试结果表明,随着温度的升高,抗拉强度先升高后降低,延伸率则持续下降。结论 固溶温度对锻态合金的组织特征、力学性能和加工成形性具有显著影响,经850 ℃固溶处理1 h后,Cu-3.4Ti合金表现出最佳的综合性能,抗拉强度达527.3 MPa,伸长率为51.1%,同时具有更好的加工成形性。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the re-dissolution behavior of the primary phase in Cu-3.4Ti alloys and its effect on the synergistic regulation of microstructural evolution and mechanical properties under different solution treatment temperature, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of subsequent aging and forming processes for Cu-Ti alloys. Based on the Cu-Ti phase diagram, solution treatments were performed at 800, 850, 900, and 950 ℃. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the phase composition. Optical microscopy (OM) was employed for microstructural observation to examine the grain morphology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was utilized for compositional and microstructural analysis. Tensile tests were conducted at room temperature to measure the tensile strength and elongation of the alloys. The results indicated that at solution treatment temperature of 800-950 ℃, the Cu3Ti primary phase in the as-forged alloy was largely re-dissolved, significantly increasing the matrix's supersaturation. As the temperature increased, the alloy grain size grew progressively, with abnormal grain growth and grain boundary overburning observed at 950 ℃, leading to a decrease in structural stability. Mechanical testing revealed that the tensile strength increased initially and then decreased with the temperature rise, while the elongation continuously decreased. The solution treatment temperature has a significant impact on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and formability of the forged alloy. After solution treatment at 850 ℃ for 1 h, the Cu-3.4Ti alloys exhibit the best overall performance, with a tensile strength of 527.3 MPa and an elongation of 51.1%, along with improved formability.
关键词
Cu-Ti合金 /
固溶处理 /
初生相 /
组织演变 /
力学性能
Key words
Cu-Ti alloys /
solution treatment /
primary phase /
microstructure evolution /
mechanical properties
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2023YFB3710003）
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