目的 针对超超临界火电领域对马氏体耐热钢/镍基合金高质量结合的需求,设计过渡层成分,并探究合金体系及元素扩散对组织与性能的影响。方法 综合考虑耐高温与抗腐蚀性能,并结合熵焓比-原子半径差（Ω-δ）、混合焓（∆Hmix）和电子浓度（VEC）等固溶体判据,初步筛选出FeNiCr中熵合金过渡层体系。利用JMatPro软件模拟Fe、Ni、Cr元素扩散对G115马氏体耐热钢与617B镍基合金相平衡、物理性能及力学性能的影响。结果 计算结果表明,FeNiCr合金易形成面心立方结构简单固溶体。Cr元素扩散使G115钢中M6C相消失,当Cr的质量分数达到9%时,会诱发σ相;Fe元素扩散促使617B合金形成MC相,而Cr扩散使M6C相消失并出现MC相。Ni元素扩散显著影响G115钢的线膨胀系数与力学性能,Fe元素扩散导致617B合金力学性能下降,而Cr元素扩散可提升617B合金的力学性能。结论 FeNiCr合金过渡层可对Fe、Ni元素无限固溶,有助于实现界面成分梯度平缓过渡,通过控制元素扩散可形成物理性能梯度分布、提升力学性能,为马氏体耐热钢/镍基合金异种金属连接界面设计与性能优化提供了重要的理论参考。
Abstract
In response to the demand for high-quality bonding of martensitic heat-resistant steel/ nickel-based alloy in the field of ultra supercritical thermal power, the work aims to design the composition of the transition layer, and explore the effects of alloy systems and element diffusion on the microstructure and properties. Taking the resistance of high temperature and corrosion into account, and combining with solid solution criteria such as ratio parameter-atomic size difference (Ω-δ), mixing enthalpy (∆Hmix), and valence-electron concentration (VEC), the FeNiCr transition layer was preliminarily screened. The diffusion effects of Fe, Ni, and Cr elements on the phase equilibrium, physical properties, and mechanical properties of G115 martensitic heat-resistant steel and 617B nickel-based alloy were simulated with JMatPro. The calculation results indicated that the FeNiCr alloy was more likely to form a simple solid solution with face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. The diffusion of Cr element caused the disappearance of M6C phase in G115 steel, and the formation of the σ phase was induced when the Cr content reached 9%. Fe diffusion promoted the formation of MC phases in 617B alloy, whereas Cr diffusion eliminated the M6C phase and resulted in the appearance of MC phases. Additionally, the diffusion of Ni element significantly affected the coefficient of thermal expansion and mechanical properties of G115 steel. The diffusion of Fe element led to a decrease in the mechanical properties of 617B alloy, and the diffusion of Cr element improved the hardness and strength of 617B alloy. In conclusion, the transition layer of FeNiCr alloy can achieve infinite solid solution of Fe and Ni elements, while achieving a smooth transition of interface composition gradient. The gradient distribution of physical properties can be formed and mechanical properties can be improved by controlling element diffusion, providing important theoretical reference for the design and performance optimization of dissimilar metal interfaces of martensitic heat-resistant steel and nickel-based alloy.
关键词
异种金属 /
过渡层 /
固溶体 /
相平衡 /
元素扩散
Key words
dissimilar metal /
transition layer /
solid solution /
phase equilibrium /
element diffusion
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