目的 研究不同磁场频率对铝/钢双金属界面组织及性能的影响,以实现铝/钢界面的高质量冶金结合。方法 采用磁场辅助液-固复合铸造工艺制备铝/钢双金属,利用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和光学显微镜对界面组织形貌、物相组成及断裂层形貌进行分析,通过万能试验机测试界面剪切强度。结果 磁场的引入没有改变铝/钢双金属界面的物相组成,反应层主要由Al5Fe2、Al13Fe4、τ1-Al2Fe3Si3和τ5-Al8Fe2Si相构成。随磁场频率增加（1、3、6、9 Hz）,反应层近铝侧形貌依次呈齿状、颈缩状、锯齿状及连续锯齿状特征。反应层厚度呈先减小后趋于稳定的趋势,从无磁场时的9.21 μm减薄至9 Hz时的6.24 μm。界面剪切强度随磁场频率的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,在频率为3 Hz时达到最大值39.20 MPa,与未施加磁场相比提高了83.8%。结论 在液-固复合铸造过程中引入磁场可有效改善铝/钢双金属界面组织形貌,并显著提升界面结合性能。
Abstract
The work aims to study the effect of different magnetic field frequencies on microstructures and properties of Al/steel bimetal interface to achieve high-quality metallurgical bonding of Al/steel interface. The Al/steel bimetal was prepared by magnetic field assisted liquid-solid composite casting process. The microstructure, phase composition and fracture layer morphology of the interface were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy and optical microscopy. The interface shear strength was tested by universal test machine. The introduction of the magnetic field did not change the phase composition of Al/steel bimetal interface. The reaction layer was mainly composed of Al5Fe2, Al13Fe4, τ1-Al2Fe3Si3 and τ5-Al8Fe2Si phases. With the increase of the magnetic field frequency (1, 3, 6, 9 Hz), the morphology of the reaction layer near the aluminum side was dentiform, necking, dentate and continuous dentate. The thickness of the reaction layer decreased first and then tended to be stable, from 9.21 μm without magnetic field to 6.24 μm at 9 Hz. The interface shear strength exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease with the increasing magnetic field frequency, reaching the maximum of 39.20 MPa at the frequency of 3 Hz, which was 83.8% higher than that without magnetic field. Thus, the introduction of magnetic field in the liquid-solid composite casting process can effectively improve the microstructure of Al/steel bimetal interface and significantly enhance the interfacial bonding property.
关键词
磁场 /
铝/钢双金属 /
液-固复合铸造 /
界面组织 /
结合性能
Key words
magnetic field /
Al/steel bimetal /
liquid-solid compound casting /
interface microstructure /
bonding property
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基金
国防基础科研计划（JCKY2023209A001）
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