激光熔覆AlxCoCrFeNi2.1高熵合金的组织与性能

李怀博; 王子乐; 曾大新; 杨伟; 史秋月

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.01.020

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精密成形工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1) : 215-223. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.01.020

高熵合金和非晶合金成形

激光熔覆Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1高熵合金的组织与性能

李怀博, 王子乐, 曾大新^*, 杨伟, 史秋月

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Microstructure and Properties of Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1 High Entropy Alloy by Laser Cladding

LI Huaibo, WANG Zile, ZENG Daxin^*, YANG Wei, SHI Qiuyue

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摘要

目的探究Al含量对H13钢上激光熔覆Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1高熵合金涂层组织与性能的影响规律,为高熵合金应用于热作模具表面强化与增材修复提供参考。方法采用同轴送粉激光熔覆技术在H13钢基体上制备Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1（1.00≤x≤1.75）高熵合金涂层。用光学显微镜（OM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和电子背散射衍射（EBSD）等技术对涂层的微观组织特征进行分析,并测试涂层的硬度,分析涂层的热稳定性。结果涂层均由FCC相和BCC相组成,与第二层相比,第一层FCC相更多,随着Al元素含量的增加,FCC相减少。涂层组织随Al含量的变化而发生改变,当x从1.0增加至1.3时,第一层由呈柱状的FCC相及分布在其晶间的BCC相转变为柱状的BCC相及分布在其晶间的FCC相;第二层则从FCC与BCC两相交替的片层共晶组织转变为胞状的BCC相及分布在其晶间的FCC相。涂层硬度随着Al含量的增加而提高。在500~800 ℃下退火时,涂层硬度随温度的升高先上升后下降,在700 ℃时硬度最高,当x=1.3时,硬度达到479.7HV。在700 ℃与800 ℃下保温6 h后,涂层硬度都明显高于H13钢基体硬度。结论随着Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1合金涂层中Al含量的增加,BCC相含量增加,硬度升高;在700 ℃下进行退火处理可显著提高涂层硬度;涂层的热稳定性优于H13钢的。

Abstract

The work aims to investigate the influence of Al content on the microstructure and properties of laser cladding Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1 high entropy alloy on H13 steel, so as to provide a reference for the application of high entropy alloy in surface strengthening and additive repair of hot work dies. An Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1(1.00≤x≤1.75) high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the H13 steel substrate by coaxial powder feeding laser cladding. The microstructure of the coating was examined by OM, XRD, SEM, EDS and EBSD, the hardness of the coating was tested, and the thermal stability of the coating was analyzed. The results showed that the coating was composed of FCC phases and BCC phases, there were more FCC phases in the first layer than in the second layer, and FCC phases decreased as the Al content increased. The microstructure of the coating changed with the variation of the Al content. When x increased from 1.0 to 1.3, the first layer transformed from columnar FCC phases with BCC phases distributed among its intergranular to columnar BCC phases with FCC phases distributed among its intergranular. The second layer changed from the lamellar eutectic structure with alternating FCC and BCC phases to cellular BCC phases with FCC phases distributed among its intergranular. The hardness of the coating increased with the increase of the Al content. When annealing at 500-800 ℃, the hardness of the coating first increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature. The hardness reached the maximum at 700 ℃, and it reached 479.7HV when x=1.3. After holding for 6 h at 700 ℃ and 800 ℃, the hardness of the coating was significantly higher than that of the H13 steel substrate. In conclusion, increasing the Al content in the Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1 alloy coating leads to a rise in the BCC phase fraction within the coating, accompanied by an elevation in hardness. Annealing at 700 ℃ significantly enhances the coating's hardness. The thermal stability of the coating is better than that of H13 steel.

导出引用

李怀博, 王子乐, 曾大新, 杨伟, 史秋月. 激光熔覆Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1高熵合金的组织与性能[J]. 精密成形工程. 2026, 18(1): 215-223 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.01.020

LI Huaibo, WANG Zile, ZENG Daxin, YANG Wei, SHI Qiuyue. Microstructure and Properties of Al_xCoCrFeNi_2.1 High Entropy Alloy by Laser Cladding[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2026, 18(1): 215-223 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2026.01.020

中图分类号： TG174.44

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