目的 采用可调节多参数的电辅助成形技术,探究电流形式和成形温度对铁基非晶合金薄带成形性能的影响。方法 首先搭建了一套可以进行电参数调节、应力加载和实时温度监测的实验平台,其次进行非晶合金薄带的冲孔和成形实验,以进行电流作用下非晶合金薄带力学性能和成形质量的研究,并采用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等手段进行断口形貌和微观组织分析。结果 随着成形温度的升高,非晶合金薄带的断裂载荷和位移均呈非线性增加,相较于200 ℃和300 ℃,在400 ℃时提升更显著;在相同成形温度下,电流形式对非晶合金薄带成形性能影响最显著的是直流电（DC）,脉冲电（PC）次之,交流电（AC）的效果较差;通过X射线衍射与断口形貌分析发现,随着成形温度的升高,非晶合金展现出由韧变脆直至结晶的状态转变。结论 电流的施加能有效改善Fe78Si9B13非晶合金薄带的成形性能;相较于电流形式,成形温度的影响更加显著;电流与外部应力的作用会使非晶合金薄带的晶化温度降低;当成形温度相同时,施加不同形式的电流对Fe78Si9B13非晶合金薄带塑性变形能力的提升效果存在一定差别,电流形式按提升效果由好到坏的顺序依次为直流电（DC）、脉冲电（PC）、交流电（AC）。
Abstract
The work aims to employ an electrically-assisted forming technology with tunable multi-parameters to systematically investigate the effects of current waveforms and forming temperature on the formability of iron-based amorphous alloy strips. Firstly, an experimental platform capable of electrical parameter modulation, stress loading, and real-time temperature monitoring was established. Subsequently, punching and forming experiments were conducted on amorphous alloy strips to investigate their mechanical properties and forming quality under electric current excitation. Post-experiment analyses, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were systematically performed to characterize fracture morphology and microstructural evolution. With the increase of the forming temperature, the fracture load and displacement of the amorphous alloy strips exhibited a nonlinear escalation. The improvement was more significant at 400 ℃ compared to 200 ℃ and 300 ℃. At the same forming temperature, the most significant effect of current waveforms on formability of amorphous alloy strips was direct current (DC), followed by pulsed current (PC), and the effect of alternating current (AC) was poor. Through X-ray diffraction and fracture morphology analysis, it was found that the amorphous alloy showed a transition from ductile to brittle behavior, eventually crystallizing with the increase of forming temperature. The application of current can effectively improve the forming performance of Fe78Si9B13 amorphous alloy strips. Compared with the current waveform, the effect of the forming temperature is more significant. The combined effect of current and external stress lowers the crystallization temperature of the amorphous alloy strips. When the forming temperature is the same, there is a significant difference in the effect of the current loaded with different waveforms on the plastic deformation ability of Fe78Si9B13 amorphous alloy strips, following the trend: “direct current (DC), pulsed current (PC), alternating current (AC)”.
关键词
非晶合金 /
电流形式 /
电辅助成形 /
变形机理 /
成形温度
Key words
amorphous alloy /
current waveform /
electrically-assisted forming /
deformation mechanism /
forming temperature
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52105391,52375367）; 金属成形技术与重型装备全国重点实验室开放课题（S2308100.W21）; 山西省基础研究计划（202303021212054）; 山西省高等学校科技创新项目（2024Q008）; 海安太原理工大学先进制造与智能装备产业研究院开放研发项目（2024HA-TYUTKFYF009）
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