目的 通过真空电弧熔炼、冷轧及热处理工艺,系统研究了热处理制度对(FeCoNi)86Al7Ti7（原子数分数）高熵合金微观组织与力学性能的影响。方法 采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱分析（EDS）等表征手段,系统分析了合金的物相组成、显微结构及元素分布。结果 再结晶态合金由FCC单相固溶体组成,具有典型的等轴晶粒特征,元素分布均匀,无明显的化学成分偏析。经过时效热处理后,合金的相结构与显微组织发生显著变化。在780 ℃时效4 h条件下,合金中形成了不规则片层状L21相;随时效温度的升高,不规则片层状L21相逐渐消失,仅在晶界观察到微量微米级L21相,同时基体中形成高密度、共格分布的球形L12纳米析出相。力学性能测试结果表明,780 ℃时效4 h样品具备最优综合性能,其屈服强度、抗拉强度与延伸率分别达到1 067.2 MPa、1 504.4 MPa和14.3%。结论 本研究不仅为调控高熵合金的热处理性能提供了重要理论支撑,还为深入探究(FeCoNi)86Al7Ti7高熵合金的微观组织与力学性能的内在关联提供了科学指导。
Abstract
The work aims to systematically investigate the effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of (FeCoNi)86Al7Ti7 (at.%) high-entropy alloys prepared by vacuum arc melting, cold rolling and heat treatment processes. Characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to systematically analyze the phase composition, microstructure and elemental distribution of this alloy. The recrystallized alloy consisted of a single-phase face-centered-cubic (FCC) solid solution with typical equiaxed grains and uniform elemental distribution, showing no significant chemical segregation. After aging treatment, notable changes in phase constitution and microstructure were observed. At 780 ℃ for 4 h, irregular lamellar L21 phases formed in the alloy. As the aging temperature increased, these irregular lamellar L21 phases gradually disappeared, with only a small amount of micron-sized L21 phases at grain boundaries, while a high density of coherent spherical L12 nanoprecipitates formed in the matrix. Mechanical tests revealed that the sample aged at 780 ℃ for 4 h exhibited the best combination of properties, with yield strength, tensile strength and elongation reaching 1 067.2 MPa, 1 504.4 MPa and 14.3%. This work not only provides crucial theoretical support for regulating the properties of high-entropy alloys through heat treatment, but also offers scientific guidance for further exploring the intrinsic relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties in the (FeCoNi)86Al7Ti7 high-entropy alloy.
关键词
高熵合金 /
热处理 /
微观组织 /
力学性能
Key words
high-entropy alloy /
heat treatment /
microstructure /
mechanical properties
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基金
上海市大学生创新训练项目（cs2505009）; 上海市探索者计划（25TS1401900）; 上海市科技创新行动计划（24CL2901500）; 上海市关键技术研发计划（25CL2902300）
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