目的 探讨不同热处理温度和复合深冷处理技术对4Cr5MoSiV1模具钢性能的影响,优化热处理工艺,实现模具钢在强度和塑韧性之间的良好平衡。方法 模具钢经过冷轧变形后,分别在950、1 000、1 050 ℃ 3种不同温度下进行热处理,并随后进行复合深冷处理。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、电子背散射衍射（EBSD）和能谱分析（EDS）等手段对显微组织、碳化物形态及元素分布进行观察。通过拉伸和硬度测试来评估样品的力学性能。结果 随着热处理温度的升高,碳化物逐渐向基体溶解,950 ℃热处理样品表现出最佳的塑性,而1 050 ℃热处理样品则在强度和硬度方面表现最好,抗拉强度达到2 GPa,硬度为640.4HV。复合深冷处理技术对力学性能的提升起到了积极作用,能够进一步优化碳化物析出及显微组织稳定性。结论 研究结果为模具钢的热处理工艺优化提供了理论依据,同时为其在工程应用中的实际使用提供了有价值的指导。
Abstract
The work aims to explore the impact of different heat treatment temperatures and composite cryogenic treatment on the performance of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steel, with the goal of optimizing the heat treatment process to achieve a good balance between strength and toughness. After cold rolling deformation, the die steel samples were heat-treated at three different temperatures of 950, 1 000 and 1 050 ℃, followed by composite cryogenic treatment. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to observe the microstructure, carbide morphology, and elemental distribution. Tensile testing and hardness measurements were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of the samples. As the heat treatment temperature increased, the carbides gradually dissolved into the matrix. The samples treated at 950 ℃ exhibited the best plasticity, while the samples treated at 1 050 ℃ showed the highest strength and hardness, with a tensile strength of 2 GPa and hardness of 640.4HV. The composite cryogenic treatment played a positive role in enhancing mechanical properties, further optimizing carbide precipitation and improving microstructure stability. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the heat treatment process of die steel and offer valuable guidance for their practical use in engineering applications.
关键词
4Cr5MoSiV1 /
深冷 /
显微组织 /
碳化物 /
力学性能
Key words
4Cr5MoSiV1 /
cryogenic treatment /
microstructure /
carbides /
mechanical properties
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基金
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目（GJJ2404912）;九江职业技术学院校级项目（2022003）
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