扩散时间对异质双相不锈钢扩散连接界面显微组织及性能的影响

刘亚飞; 赵艳君; 李林泽; 曾胤杰; 罗莹莹; 杨琦琦

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.014

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (10) : 146-156. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.014

先进制造技术与装备

扩散时间对异质双相不锈钢扩散连接界面显微组织及性能的影响

刘亚飞^a, 赵艳君^a,b*, 李林泽^a, 曾胤杰^a, 罗莹莹^a, 杨琦琦^a

作者信息 +

Effect of Diffusion Time on the Microstructure and Properties of Heterogeneous Duplex Stainless Steel Diffusion Bonding Interface

LIU Yafei^a, ZHAO Yanjun^a,b*, LI Linze^a, ZENG Yinjie^a, LUO Yingying^a, YANG Qiqi^a

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的探究扩散时间对异质双相不锈钢扩散连接接头显微组织演变及力学性能的影响,优化工艺并探讨机理。方法通过Gleeble-3500热力模拟机,在真空环境8 MPa、1 000 ℃、扩散时间5~30 min条件下,制备了S32304/S32750异质双相不锈钢扩散连接接头。结果随着扩散时间由5 min增加至30 min,扩散连接接头的剪切强度由410 MPa增加至492 MPa,接头界面处的显微硬度呈现相同的趋势,由288.2HV升高至315.4HV,接头S32750侧的硬度由330.1HV降低至319.4HV;S32304侧硬度先升高后降低,在20 min时达到最大值304.8HV。扩散动力学模拟证明：Fe、Cr、Ni元素的扩散速率均随着扩散时间的增加而减小,按扩散速率由大到小的顺序依次为：Fe、Cr、Ni,Fe元素扩散速率受扩散时间的影响最大。当扩散时间为5 min时,扩散界面缝隙较大,界面处存在Mo和Cr元素富集,剪切断口存在大量未连接区域;随着扩散时间的增加,扩散界面缝隙逐渐连接,部分未连接区域演变为孔洞,Mo和Cr元素富集降低并最终消失,界面变得模糊,剪切断口的未扩散区域逐渐减少并消失,断口形貌完全以韧窝为特征,断裂方式逐渐演变为完全韧性断裂。结论扩散时间对异质双相不锈钢扩散连接界面组织性能具有显著影响。在适当的扩散时间（5~20 min）内,Mo和Cr元素的充分扩散可以促进界面缝隙的连接和晶界的迁移,形成牢固的冶金结合,从而提高接头的力学性能,继续增加时间对接头质量影响较小。在扩散时间20 min时,扩散连接界面综合性能达到最优,剪切强度和显微硬度值分别为486 MPa和313.7HV。

Abstract

The work aims to investigate the effect of diffusion time on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of heterogeneous duplex stainless steel diffusion bonding joints, so as to optimize process parameters and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Dissimilar S32304/S32750 duplex stainless steel joints were fabricated with a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator under vacuum conditions at 8 MPa and 1 000 ℃, with the diffusion time ranging from 5 to 30 min. As the diffusion time increased from 5 min to 30 min, the shear strength of the joints improved from 410 MPa to 492 MPa. Similarly, the microhardness at the joint interface exhibited a comparable trend, increasing from 288.2HV to 315.4HV. With the increase of diffusion time, the hardness on the S32750 side of the joint decreased from 330.1HV to 319.4HV, while on the S32304 side, it first increased and then decreased, reaching a peak value of 304.8HV at 20 min. Diffusion kinetics analysis revealed that the diffusion rates of Fe, Cr, and Ni decreased with the increasing diffusion time, following the order of Fe, Cr, Ni. Among these elements, the diffusion rate of Fe was the most sensitive to the diffusion duration. At 5 min, a significant interfacial gap was observed, along with enrichment of Mo and Cr at the interface, and the shear fracture surface contained numerous unbonded regions. As the diffusion time increased, these interfacial gaps progressively closed, transforming some unbonded regions into voids. The enrichment of Mo and Cr diminished and eventually disappeared, resulting in a more homogeneous interface and a reduction in the unbonded areas observed in the shear fracture. The fracture surface morphology transitioned to being fully characterized by dimples, indicative of a complete shift to ductile fracture. Diffusion time exerts a significant effect on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar duplex stainless steel diffusion bonding joints. Within the diffusion time range (5- 20 min), adequate diffusion of Mo and Cr facilitates gap closure and grain boundary migration, leading to strong metallurgical bonding and improved mechanical properties. Extending the diffusion time beyond this range has a negligible impact on joint quality. The optimal performance of the diffusion bonding joint is achieved at the diffusion time of 20 min, with a shear strength of 486 MPa and a microhardness of 313.7HV.

导出引用

刘亚飞, 赵艳君, 李林泽, 曾胤杰, 罗莹莹, 杨琦琦. 扩散时间对异质双相不锈钢扩散连接界面显微组织及性能的影响[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(10): 146-156 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.014

LIU Yafei, ZHAO Yanjun, LI Linze, ZENG Yinjie, LUO Yingying, YANG Qiqi. Effect of Diffusion Time on the Microstructure and Properties of Heterogeneous Duplex Stainless Steel Diffusion Bonding Interface[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(10): 146-156 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.10.014

中图分类号： TG456.9

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