目的 为改善4J32因瓦合金表面完整性,提高其表面服役性能,采用激光热处理辅助超声滚压技术探究4J32因瓦合金表面性能的影响规律。方法 通过单因素变量强化实验,探讨了滚压力、超声振幅和滚压道次对试样表面粗糙度、塑性变形深度以及表面显微硬度的影响。结果 滚压参数可显著影响材料表面粗糙度、晶粒细化层深度和表面显微硬度。当超声振幅为7 μm、滚压力为1 300 N、滚压道次为6时,表面粗糙度达到最小值0.148 μm,相比于未滚压试样,降低了64.4%;当超声振幅为7 μm、滚压力为1 300 N、滚压道次为10时,晶粒细化层深度达到最大144 μm。过大的滚压力会导致晶格扭曲,影响细化层深度。超声滚压处理后材料表面形成加工硬化层,表层显微硬度随滚压力的增大而增加,但超声振幅过大会对表层显微硬度产生负面影响;在最佳条件（1 300 N滚压力、7 μm超声振幅、8道次）下,表层显微硬度达到241.7HV0.1,相比于未滚压试样,提高了89.3%。结论 超声滚压处理通过位错运动和层错机制实现晶粒细化,从而贡献强度和加工硬化能力,并有效改善因瓦合金的表面完整性,为其表面强化提供重要研究基础。
Abstract
The work aims to utilize laser heat treatment combined with ultrasonic rolling technology to explore the influence on the surface properties of the 4J32 invar alloy, so as to improve the surface integrity of the 4J32 Invar alloy and enhance its surface service performance. Through single-factor variable strengthening experiments, the effects of static pressure, ultrasonic amplitude, and rolling passes on the surface roughness, plastic deformation depth, and surface microhardness of the samples were investigated. The rolling parameters significantly influenced the surface roughness, depth of the grain refinement layer, and surface microhardness of the material. When the ultrasonic amplitude was set to 7 μm, the static pressure to 1 300 N, and the rolling passes to 6, the surface roughness reached a minimum value of 0.148 μm, a 64.4% reduction compared with the unrolled samples. The depth of the grain refinement layer reached a maximum of 144 μm when the ultrasonic amplitude was set to 7 μm, the static pressure to 1 300 N, and the rolling passes to 10. An excessive static pressure could lead to lattice distortion, affecting the depth of the grain refinement layer. After ultrasonic rolling treatment, a work-hardened layer was formed on the material surface. The surface microhardness increased with the increase of the rolling force, but an excessively large ultrasonic amplitude negatively impacted the surface microhardness. Under optimal conditions (1 300 N static pressure, 7 μm ultrasonic amplitude, 8 passes), the surface microhardness reached 241.7HV0.1, which was an 89.3% increase compared with the unrolled samples. Grain refinement is achieved through dislocation movement and stacking fault mechanisms by ultrasonic rolling treatment, thereby contributing to strength and work hardening capability, and effectively improving the surface integrity of Invar alloy, providing an important research foundation for its surface strengthening.
关键词
4J32因瓦合金 /
超声滚压 /
表面粗糙度 /
细化层深度 /
表面显微硬度
Key words
4J32 Invar alloy /
ultrasonic rolling /
surface roughness /
depth of refined layer /
surface microhardness
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52405180）;贵州大学基础研究项目（贵大基础[2023]22号）;贵州大学引进人才科研项目（贵大人基合字(2023)20号）;贵州省优秀青年科技人才项目（YQK[2023]011）;贵州省科技计划项目（[ZK2023(014)]）
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