目的 研究Cr-Ni-Co-Mo系超高强马氏体不锈钢动态再结晶行为,为热加工工艺优化提供指导。方法 以Cr-Ni-Co-Mo系超高强不锈钢为研究对象,利用热模拟试验机Gleeble开展了变形温度为1 050~1 150 ℃、应变速率为0.001~0.1 s-1的等温恒应变速率热压缩实验。基于流变应力曲线,建立了动态再结晶动力学的JMAK（Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov）模型,对比了模型预测值与实验值,验证了模型的预测精度。将模型嵌入DEFORM-3D软件中,分析了Cr-Ni-Co-Mo系超高强不锈钢热加工过程中的变形特征。结果 在镦粗与拔长过程中,实验钢的温度场、应变场及组织场均发生显著的动态演化,表现出复杂的热-力-组织多场耦合效应。在镦粗阶段,实验钢内部有明显升温,最高温度可达1 170 ℃,应变集中于心部。在拔长阶段,等效应变进一步增大,表层区域应变增加,高于心部应变值,最高可达1.8,实验钢组织发生动态再结晶,奥氏体晶粒发生明显细化。结论 所建立的动态再结晶动力学JMAK模型具有较高的预测精度。耦合了再结晶动力学的锻造模型有助于进一步揭示Cr-Ni-Co-Mo系超高强马氏体不锈钢热加工过程的演变规律,为热加工过程工艺优化提供理论依据。
Abstract
The work aims to study the dynamic recrystallization behavior of Cr-Ni-Co-Mo ultra-high strength martensitic stainless steel to provide guidance for hot working process optimization. With Cr-Ni-Co-Mo ultra-high strength stainless steel as the research subject, isothermal constant strain rate hot compression experiments were conducted using a Gleeble thermal simulation tester under deformation temperatures of 1 050-1 150 ℃ and strain rates of 0.001-0.1 s-1. Through analysis of flow stress curves, a JMAK (Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov) model for dynamic recrystallization kinetics was established. The predictive accuracy of the model was verified by comparing its calculated values with experimental data. Furthermore, the model was integrated into DEFORM-3D software to analyze deformation characteristics during the hot working process of Cr-Ni-Co-Mo ultra-high strength stainless steel. During the upsetting and stretching processes, the temperature field, strain field, and microstructure field of the experimental steel underwent significant dynamic evolution, demonstrating complex multi-field coupling effects involving thermal, mechanical and microstructural interactions. During upsetting, the internal temperature of the steel notably increased (peak 1 170 ℃) with strain concentration in the core region. In the stretching stage, equivalent strain further increased to 1.8 maximum, accompanied by dynamic recrystallization. In conclusion, the developed JMAK model for dynamic recrystallization kinetics exhibits high predictive accuracy, validated by experimental data. Coupling this model with forging simulations enables deeper insights into the hot-deformation mechanisms of Cr-Ni-Co-Mo martensitic ultra-high-strength stainless steel, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing thermal processing parameters.
关键词
超高强不锈钢 /
高温奥氏体 /
动态再结晶 /
热变形 /
数值模拟
Key words
ultra-high stainless steel /
high-temperature austenitic /
dynamic recrystallization /
hot deformation /
numerical simulation
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基金
钒钛资源综合利用产业技术创新战略联盟协同研发项目
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