镁合金晶格缺陷对第二相析出及性能调控机制研究进展

万鑫; 刘薇琳; 赵开景; 彭鹏; 黎鑫; 封兆辉; 杨青山; 戴庆伟

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.09.003

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (9) : 27-44. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.09.003

轻合金成形

镁合金晶格缺陷对第二相析出及性能调控机制研究进展

万鑫¹, 刘薇琳¹, 赵开景¹, 彭鹏^1,*, 黎鑫^2,*, 封兆辉³, 杨青山¹, 戴庆伟¹

作者信息 +

Research Progress on Regulation Mechanism of Second Phase Precipitation and Properties Caused by Lattice Defects in Magnesium Alloys

WAN Xin¹, LIU Weilin¹, ZHAO Kaijing¹, PENG Peng^1,*, LI Xin^2,*, FENG Zhaohui³, YANG Qingshan¹, DAI Qingwei¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

镁合金作为一种轻量化结构材料,在航空航天、生物医药、石油开采等领域受到广泛关注,发展潜力巨大。在镁合金中引入第二相是提高其强度的重要手段。然而,往往需要在高强度镁合金中加入高含量合金元素,这导致合金中析出相尺寸较大,塑性较差,严重制约了镁合金的二次加工能力。通过微观组织调控在基体中高效构筑高密度纳米析出相,是优化合金性能的重要手段,但目前仍面临一定挑战。晶格缺陷由于具有较高的弹性应变能,是合金元素偏聚或析出的首选场所。本文结合最新研究进展,综述了镁合金晶格缺陷,包括孪晶、位错、层错等对第二相析出的影响,讨论了析出相的数量、形态和分布对镁合金力学性能和耐腐蚀性的影响。深入分析和总结这些析出行为,有助于理解晶格缺陷诱导第二相析出机理,进而指导析出相调控及高性能镁合金的开发。最后,针对基于晶格缺陷调控镁合金析出行为目前研究存在的问题,提出一些建议并进行展望,以期为高性能镁合金进一步开发提供参考。

Abstract

Magnesium alloys, as lightweight structural materials, have garnered widespread attention in various fields such as aerospace, biomedicine and oil field, presenting immense development potential. Introducing second phases into magnesium alloys is a crucial method to enhance their strength. However, high-strength magnesium alloys often require the addition of high-content alloying elements, leading to large precipitated phase sizes and poor plasticity, severely limiting the secondary processing capabilities of magnesium alloys. It is reasonable to believe that efficiently constructing high-density nano-precipitated phases in the matrix through microstructural control is a significant means to optimize alloy properties. However, this approach still faces certain challenges. Due to their high elastic strain energy, lattice defects serve as preferred sites for the segregation or precipitation of alloying elements. This article, in conjunction with the latest research progress in relevant literature, provides an overview of the effects of lattice defects in magnesium alloys, including twins, dislocations, and stacking faults, on the precipitation of second phases. It discusses the impact of the quantity, morphology, and distribution of precipitated phases on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys. A thorough analysis and summary of these precipitation behaviors contribute to understanding the mechanism of lattice defect-induced second phase precipitation, thereby guiding the regulation of precipitated phases and the development of high-performance magnesium alloys. Finally, addressing the current research challenges in regulating precipitation behaviors in magnesium alloys based on lattice defects, some suggestions and prospects are proposed, aiming to provide references for the further development of high-performance magnesium alloys.

导出引用

万鑫, 刘薇琳, 赵开景, 彭鹏, 黎鑫, 封兆辉, 杨青山, 戴庆伟. 镁合金晶格缺陷对第二相析出及性能调控机制研究进展[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(9): 27-44 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.09.003

WAN Xin, LIU Weilin, ZHAO Kaijing, PENG Peng, LI Xin, FENG Zhaohui, YANG Qingshan, DAI Qingwei. Research Progress on Regulation Mechanism of Second Phase Precipitation and Properties Caused by Lattice Defects in Magnesium Alloys[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(9): 27-44 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.09.003

中图分类号： TG146.2

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