加热速度对CHDG-B合金焊接热影响区组织和性能的影响

胡明磊; 胡斌; 徐科; 张维; 于祥龙; 陈光; 李冬升

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.023

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (8) : 222-228. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.023

先进制造技术与装备

加热速度对CHDG-B合金焊接热影响区组织和性能的影响

胡明磊¹, 胡斌¹, 徐科¹, 张维¹, 于祥龙¹, 陈光², 李冬升^2,*

作者信息 +

Influence of Heating Rates on Microstructure and Properties of Welding Heat Affected Zone of CHDG-B Alloy

HU Minglei¹, HU Bin¹, XU Ke¹, ZHANG Wei¹, YU Xianglong¹, CHEN Guang², LI Dongsheng^2,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的以CHDG-B合金为研究对象,探究其焊接热影响区的微观组织、力学行为与加热速度的相互作用机制。方法采用固溶处理后的CHDG-B试样,分别在100、50、10 ℃/s的加热速度下进行焊接热模拟实验。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对热影响区（HAZ）的微观结构进行详尽分析。此外,还进行了硬度、冲击、拉伸试验等性能测试。结果随着加热速度的减小,与母材相比,CHDG-B合金的晶粒尺寸变化不明显,但析出相NbC的形态由细小圆球状逐渐变为条带状。加热速度减小导致热影响区硬度下降,同时组织韧性降低。当加热速度大于10 ℃/s时,NbC析出相在晶界处的钉扎作用有效细化了晶粒,提升了热影响区的硬度,但当加热速度过低时,析出相的长大增加了微裂纹的形成趋势,进而影响了材料的韧性。冲击断口观察结果表明,CHDG-B合金的断裂机制为韧性断裂。结论当加热速度大于10 ℃/s时,既保证了CHDG-B合金热影响区的硬度,又维持了良好的韧性,从而为实际应用中焊接工艺的制定提供了理论依据和技术指导。

Abstract

The work aims to take CHDG-B alloy as the research object to explore the interaction mechanism of microstructure, mechanical behavior, and heating rate of the welding heat affected zone (HAZ). Post-solution treated CHDG-B alloy specimens underwent welding thermal simulation experiments at varying heating rates of 100, 50, and 10 ℃/s. Microstructural analysis of HAZ was conducted in detail using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, hardness tests, Charpy impact tests, and tensile tests were performed. The experimental findings revealed that, as the heating rate decreased, there was minimal noticeable change in grain size of CHDG-B alloy compared with the base metal; However, the morphology of the precipitated phase NbC evolved from fine spherical shapes to a more strip-like distribution. A reduction in heating rate lead to a decrease in HAZ hardness and a decline in toughness. When the heating rate was above 10 ℃/s, the pinning effect of NbC precipitates at the grain boundaries effectively refined the grain structure, enhancing HAZ hardness. However, excessively low heating rates facilitated the growth of precipitates, increasing the propensity for microcrack formation, which adversely affected material toughness. Charpy impact fracture observation confirmed that the fracture mechanism of CHDG-B alloy was ductile. Taking all factors into account, a heating rate greater than 10 ℃/s not only ensures adequate HAZ hardness but also maintains good toughness, thereby providing theoretical groundwork and technical guidance for the formulation of welding procedures in practical applications.

导出引用

胡明磊, 胡斌, 徐科, 张维, 于祥龙, 陈光, 李冬升. 加热速度对CHDG-B合金焊接热影响区组织和性能的影响[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(8): 222-228 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.023

HU Minglei, HU Bin, XU Ke, ZHANG Wei, YU Xianglong, CHEN Guang, LI Dongsheng. Influence of Heating Rates on Microstructure and Properties of Welding Heat Affected Zone of CHDG-B Alloy[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(8): 222-228 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.023

中图分类号： TG401

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