目的 研究不同预应变速率对QP1180钢的影响,探究适宜的预应变速率,分析不同预应变速率下的微观组织演变与力学响应,从而优化QP1180高强钢的综合性能。方法 首先通过QP1180钢进行不同速率的预应变处理,随后采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、XRD测试和拉伸试验及硬度测试等方法系统研究QP1180钢的变化规律和力学性能。结果 不同预应变速率下的微观组织类型没有明显变化,随着预应变速率的增加,残余奥氏体含量下降,马氏体含量增加。当预应变速率为10-1 s-1时,试样硬度值达到最高为398.7HV。随着预应变速率由10-4 s-1增加至10-1 s-1,QP1180钢的屈服强度逐渐增加,由1 157.2 MPa增大至1 297.6 MPa,伸长率由15.8%下降到13.2%,而抗拉强度并没有明显差异,用强塑积的大小来反映材料综合性能的好坏,在低预应变速率10-4 s-1下,强塑积最高为21.3 GPa·%,综合性能最优。试样的拉伸断口断裂方式均属于韧性断裂,且都存有明显的韧窝状花样。结论 系统分析了不同预应变速率下QP1180钢的组织演变规律和力学性能,得出材料在预应变量为4%、速率为10-4 s-1条件下,综合性能最好,研究结果对QP1180钢的安全服役具有一定的指导意义。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the effects of different pre-strain rates on QP1180 steel, determine the optimal pre-strain rate, analyze the microstructural evolution and mechanical response under different pre-strain rates, and thereby optimize the comprehensive properties of QP1180 high-strength steel. First, QP1180 steel was subject to pre-strain treatment at different rates. Subsequently, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, XRD testing, tensile testing, and hardness testing were employed to systematically investigate the changes in QP1180 steel and its mechanical properties. The microstructural types did not show significant changes under different pre-strain rates. As the rate increased, the residual austenite content decreased, while the martensite content increased. When the pre-strain rate was 10-1 s-1, the hardness value of the specimen reached a maximum of 398.7 HV. As the pre-strain rate increased from 10-4 s-1 to 10-1 s-1, the yield strength of QP1180 steel gradually increased from 1 157.2 MPa to 1 297.6 MPa, while the elongation decreased from 15.8% to 13.2%. However, there was no significant difference in tensile strength. The strength-plasticity product, which reflected the overall performance of the material, reached its highest value of 21.3 GPa·% at the low pre-strain rate of 10-4 s-1, indicating the best overall performance. The fracture mode of the tensile specimens was ductile fracture, and all exhibited distinct ductile dimple patterns. In conclusion, according to the systematic analysis of the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of QP1180 steel under different pre-strain rates, it was concluded that the material exhibits the best overall performance under a pre-strain of 4% and a strain rate of 10-4 s-1, providing valuable guidance for the safe service life of QP1180 steel.
关键词
QP1180钢 /
预应变速率 /
微观组织 /
力学性能 /
残余奥氏体
Key words
QP1180 steel /
pre-strain rate /
microstructure /
mechanical properties /
retained austenite
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基金
湖北省重点研发项目（2021BAB019）; 湖北省科技重大专项（2022AAA001）
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