高氮无镍不锈钢研究进展及应用

曲青博; 王星星; 施建军; 李花兵; 王青川; 彭岩; 贾连辉; 陈金虎; 李桂变; 方乃文

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.011

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (8) : 94-106. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.011

钢铁成形

高氮无镍不锈钢研究进展及应用

曲青博¹, 王星星^1,*, 施建军¹, 李花兵², 王青川³, 彭岩⁴, 贾连辉⁵, 陈金虎⁶, 李桂变⁷, 方乃文⁷

作者信息 +

Research Progress and Application of High-nitrogen Nickel-free Stainless Steel

QU Qingbo¹, WANG Xingxing^1,*, SHI Jianjun¹, LI Huabing², WANG Qingchuan³, PENG Yan⁴, JIA Lianhui⁵, CHEN Jinhu⁶, LI Guibian⁷, FANG Naiwen⁷

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

近年来,功能性高氮无镍不锈钢的研究引起了广泛关注。与传统含镍不锈钢相比,高氮无镍不锈钢通过用氮元素代替镍元素进行合金化,不仅保持了不锈钢的优异特性,还能大幅度降低镍的使用量,减少对这一贵重金属的依赖。氮元素的加入能够显著提升不锈钢的耐点蚀性以及力学性能,使其在工业领域展现出良好的应用前景。本文首先对近年来国内外关于高氮无镍不锈钢的研究进展进行归纳与总结,对材料制备、性能优化等方面的研究成果进行了概述。其次,从成分设计与制备、组织和力学性能等多个关键方面对高氮无镍不锈钢的研究进行详细评述,耐腐蚀性分析和生物相容性方面的研究显示,高氮无镍不锈钢在多种腐蚀介质中表现优异,特别适用于海洋、化工等腐蚀环境。其次,总结了高氮无镍不锈钢研究中存在的不足,如何平衡氮元素含量与材料综合性能,仍是当前研究的难点之一。最后,指出优化成分、调整热处理工艺提升高氮钢性能,是实现该材料在力学性能、加工性能方面更大突破的主要方式,为高氮无镍不锈钢相关研究及应用提供理论依据和参考信息。

Abstract

In recent years, the research on functional high-nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel has attracted widespread attention. In contrast to traditional nickel-containing stainless steels, high-nitrogen, nickel-free stainless steel is produced by substituting nitrogen for nickel. This approach not only preserves the excellent properties of stainless steel but also significantly reduces the amount of nickel used, thereby decreasing reliance on this precious metal. The addition of nitrogen can greatly enhance the pitting corrosion resistance and improve the mechanical properties of stainless steel, making it highly suitable for applications in field of industry. Firstly, the research progress of high-nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel in China and abroad in recent years was reviewed and summarized, covering the research results of material preparation and performance optimization. Secondly, several critical research directions, including composition design, preparation methods, microstructure, and mechanical properties were elaborated. Additionally, the research on corrosion resistance and biocompatibility showed that high-nitrogen, nickel-free stainless steel performed exceptionally well in various corrosive media, making it particularly suitable for environments like marine and chemical industries. Subsequently, the shortcomings in the research on high-nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel were summarized and how to balance the nitrogen content with the comprehensive properties of the material was still one of the difficulties in the current research. Finally, it was pointed out that optimizing the composition and adjusting heat treatment processes to improve the performance of high-nitrogen steel were crucial strategies for achieving significant breakthroughs in its mechanical properties and processability, providing valuable theoretical guidance and reference information for the further research and application of high-nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel.

导出引用

曲青博, 王星星, 施建军, 李花兵, 王青川, 彭岩, 贾连辉, 陈金虎, 李桂变, 方乃文. 高氮无镍不锈钢研究进展及应用[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(8): 94-106 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.011

QU Qingbo, WANG Xingxing, SHI Jianjun, LI Huabing, WANG Qingchuan, PENG Yan, JIA Lianhui, CHEN Jinhu, LI Guibian, FANG Naiwen. Research Progress and Application of High-nitrogen Nickel-free Stainless Steel[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(8): 94-106 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.011

中图分类号： TG42

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