Al-Cu-Sc合金板材高温力学性能及断裂机制研究

阴世杰; 崔晓磊; 刘章光; 马向宇; 华坤

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.010

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (8) : 85-93. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.010

轻合金成形

Al-Cu-Sc合金板材高温力学性能及断裂机制研究

阴世杰¹, 崔晓磊^1,*, 刘章光², 马向宇², 华坤¹

作者信息 +

High-temperature Mechanical Properties and Fracture Mechanism of Al-Cu-Sc Aluminum Alloy Sheet

YIN Shijie¹, CUI Xiaolei^1,*, LIU Zhangguang², MA Xiangyu², HUA Kun¹

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的对Al-Cu-Sc RR耐热铝合金板材的力学性能、中高温-低应力条件下的蠕变特性以及高温失效机制进行研究,为该板材成形工艺的制定及相关部件的服役选材提供一定理论依据。方法分别对O态和T6态Al-Cu-Sc耐热铝合金板材进行室温及高温拉伸实验;并通过SEM对T6态板材的高温拉伸断口形貌进行观察,分析其高温断裂机制;进一步通过蠕变测试评价其高温服役性能。结果该Al-Cu-Sc合金O态板材室温抗拉强度为207 MPa,在300 ℃下显著降低,仅为86 MPa;经“回归-再时效”（RR热处理）后,T6态板材的室温抗拉强度可达471 MPa,且在300 ℃下仍能保持280 MPa的较高强度,相较于室温强度衰减了41%。T6态Al-Cu-Sc板材具备在300 ℃×60 MPa和400 ℃×15 MPa条件下服役时间超过120 min的能力。O态和T6态板材在400 ℃以下的断裂机制均为韧性断裂;T6态板材在500 ℃时的断裂机制转变为“脆性+韧性”混合断裂。结论该T6态Al-Cu-Sc合金板材兼具优异的室温和高温强度,且在300~400 ℃的高温区间内表现出良好的抗蠕变性能,对热力耦合条件下服役的轻量化构件有着巨大的应用潜力。

Abstract

The work aims to study the mechanical properties, creep characteristics under high temperature-low stress conditions, and high-temperature failure mechanism of Al-Cu-Sc RR heat-resistant aluminum alloy sheet, providing a theoretical basis for the formulation of the sheet forming process and the material selection of related components under service conditions. Tensile tests of O-stated and T6-stated Al-Cu-Sc heat-resistant aluminum alloy sheets at ambient and high temperatures were carried out, while the high-temperature tensile fracture morphology of T6-stated sheets was observed by SEM to analyze the high-temperature fracture mechanism. Furthermore, the high-temperature service performance was evaluated by creep tests. The tensile strength of the O-stated Al-Cu-Sc alloy sheet was 207 MPa at ambient temperature, which decreased significantly to 86 MPa at 300 ℃. After “regression and re-aging treatment” (RR), the tensile strength of the T6-stated sheet at ambient temperature reached 471 MPa, and it still maintained a high value of 280 MPa at 300 ℃ with attenuation of 41% compared with that at ambient temperature. The T6-stated Al-Cu-Sc sheet had a service ability at 300 ℃×60 MPa and 400 ℃×15 MPa for more than 120 min. The fracture mechanism of O-stated and T6-stated sheets below 400 ℃ was ductile fracture. The fracture mechanism of T6-stated sheet at 500 ℃ changed to brittle and ductile mixed fracture. The T6-stated Al-Cu-Sc alloy sheet has excellent strength at both ambient and high temperatures and exhibits good creep resistance in the high temperature range of 300-400 ℃, which has great potential for lightweight components in service under thermal-force coupling conditions.

导出引用

阴世杰, 崔晓磊, 刘章光, 马向宇, 华坤. Al-Cu-Sc合金板材高温力学性能及断裂机制研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(8): 85-93 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.010

YIN Shijie, CUI Xiaolei, LIU Zhangguang, MA Xiangyu, HUA Kun. High-temperature Mechanical Properties and Fracture Mechanism of Al-Cu-Sc Aluminum Alloy Sheet[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(8): 85-93 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.010

中图分类号： TG146.2+1

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