Ti6554钛合金连续孔型轧制过程微观组织演化和力学性能研究

孟亚飞; 王庆敏; 武川; 徐广胜; 王孟超; 姚磊

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.002

PDF(31637 KB)

精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (8) : 12-24. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.002

轻合金成形

Ti6554钛合金连续孔型轧制过程微观组织演化和力学性能研究

孟亚飞¹, 王庆敏², 武川^1,*, 徐广胜³, 王孟超¹, 姚磊¹

作者信息 +

Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the Ti6554 Titanium Alloy during Continuous Hole Rolling Process

MENG Yafei¹, WANG Qingmin², WU Chuan^1,*, XU Guangsheng³, WANG Mengchao¹, YAO Lei¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的揭示钛合金孔型轧制的力学性能规律和微观组织演化机制。方法利用有限元软件Abaqus对Ti6554钛合金棒料进行多道次孔型轧制模拟。研究不同轧制温度（500、600、700 ℃）对驱动辊轧制力、等效塑性应变和温度分布的影响规律,并比较不同轧制温度下棒料轧制后的微观组织和力学性能。结果与初始棒料相比,轧制后棒料的微观组织更加均匀,晶粒得到了显著细化。随着轧制温度的升高,棒料内部的位错密度显著降低,棒料的室温抗拉强度从1 186.3 MPa降低至984.4 MPa,屈服强度由1 165.2 MPa降低到953.8 MPa;然而,断后伸长率从13.1%增长到27.8%,冲击韧性从10.8 J/cm²增长到29.7 J/cm²。结论通过有限元模拟和实际实验相结合的方法,从驱动辊轧制力、棒料的温度和截面尺寸方面验证了有限元模拟的准确性和可靠性。在600 ℃轧制时,棒料内部各区域的等效塑性应变分布更加均匀,晶粒尺寸及组织的均匀性得到显著改善。棒料的拉伸断口有着多而深的等轴韧窝,呈现出韧性断裂特征;而在500 ℃轧制时,断口处韧窝的数量较少,并且存在微小的解理平面,表现出准解理断裂特征。

Abstract

The work aims to reveal the mechanical property law and microstructure evolution mechanism of the titanium alloy during hole rolling. The multi-pass groove rolling simulation of Ti6554 titanium alloy bar was conducted by the finite element software Abaqus. The effect laws of different rolling temperatures (500, 600, 700 ℃) on the rolling force of the driving roller, equivalent plastic strain and temperature distribution were investigated, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rolled bars under different rolling temperatures were compared. After rolling, the microstructure of the bar was more uniform, and the grain was more refined. As the rolling temperature increased, the dislocation density inside the bar material decreased significantly, the room temperature tensile strength decreased from 1 186.3 MPa to 984.4 MPa, and the yield strength decreased from 1 165.2 MPa to 953.8 MPa. However, the elongation increased from 13.1% to 27.8%, and the impact toughness increased from 10.8 J/cm² to 29.7 J/cm². Through the method of combining finite element simulation and field experiment, the exactitude and dependability of the finite element simulation are verified from the rolling force of the driving roller and the temperature and cross-section size of the bar. Under 600 ℃ rolling, the distribution of equivalent plastic strain within the bar material is more uniform, and the grain size and microstructural uniformity are significantly improved. The tensile fracture of the bar exhibits numerous and deep equiaxed dimples, indicating a ductile fracture characteristic. In contrast, under 500 ℃ rolling, the number of dimples at the fracture surface is reduced, and small cleavage planes are present, reflecting a quasi-cleavage fracture characteristic.

导出引用

孟亚飞, 王庆敏, 武川, 徐广胜, 王孟超, 姚磊. Ti6554钛合金连续孔型轧制过程微观组织演化和力学性能研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(8): 12-24 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.002

MENG Yafei, WANG Qingmin, WU Chuan, XU Guangsheng, WANG Mengchao, YAO Lei. Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the Ti6554 Titanium Alloy during Continuous Hole Rolling Process[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(8): 12-24 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.08.002

中图分类号： TG335.13

参考文献

[1] 李雪飞, 黄利军, 丁小明, 等. 轧制温度对TB6钛合金棒材组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 钛工业进展, 2016, 33(5): 30-32.
LI X F, HUANG L J, DING X M, et al.Effect of Rolling Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TB6 Titanium Alloy Bars[J]. Titanium Industry Progress, 2016, 33(5): 30-32.
[2] 查友, 陈威, 赵高峰, 等. Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al合金中α相的析出行为及对力学性能的影响[J]. 稀有金属材料与工程, 2020, 49(6): 2046-2053.
ZHA Y, CHEN W, ZHAO G F, et al.Precipitation Behavior of α-Phase and Its Influence on Mechanical Properties in Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al Alloy[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2020, 49(6): 2046-2053.
[3] WU Y, FAN R L, CHEN M H, et al.High-Temperature Anisotropic Behaviors and Microstructure Evolution Mechanisms of a Near-α Ti-Alloy Sheet[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2021, 820: 141560.
[4] 黄晓敏, 王宝雨, 李俊玲, 等. Ti-6Al-4V叶片楔横轧制坯热力耦合数值模拟与实验研究[J]. 锻压技术, 2018, 43(4): 70-76.
HUANG X M, WANG B Y, LI J L, et al.Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Thermodynamic Coupling in Cross Wedge Rolling Performing for Ti-6Al-4V Blade[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2018, 43(4): 70-76.
[5] REN Z H, LI Z H, ZHOU S H, et al.Study on Surface Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy by Ultrasonic Rolling[J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 2022, 121: 102643.
[6] 张雄, 景然, 张晴, 等. 轧制温度与变形量对TB2钛合金微观组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2023, 48(2): 206-211.
ZHANG X, JING R, ZHANG Q, et al.Effect of Rolling Temperature and Amount on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TB2 Titanium Alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2023, 48(2): 206-211.
[7] 朱艳春, 邵珠彩, 牛勇. 初轧温度对Ti₂AlNb钛合金环件径-轴向轧制过程的影响[J]. 热加工工艺, 2023, 52(3): 84-87.
ZHU Y C, SHAO Z C, NIU Y.Effect of Initial Rolling Temperature on Radial-Axial Rolling Process of Ti₂AlNb Titanium Alloy Ring[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2023, 52(3): 84-87.
[8] 武小娟, 杨川, 张志强, 等. TA15钛合金不等厚L型材热轧有限元模拟[J]. 钛工业进展, 2022, 39(1): 1-5.
WU X J, YANG C, ZHANG Z Q, et al.Finite Element Simulation of Hot Rolling Process for TA15 Titanium Alloy L Profile with Unequal Thickness[J]. Titanium Industry Progress, 2022, 39(1): 1-5.
[9] 张关梅, 黄海广, 张浩泽, 等. 轧制温度对TA31钛合金热轧板材组织与性能的影响[J]. 塑性工程学报, 2022, 29(11): 224-232.
ZHANG G M, HUANG H G, ZHANG H Z, et al.Effect of Rolling Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of TA31 Titanium Alloy Hot Rolled Plate[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2022, 29(11): 224-232.
[10] MA Y, DU Z X, CUI X M, et al.Effect of Cold Rolling Process on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Strength β Titanium Alloy Thin Sheets[J]. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 2018, 28(6): 711-717.
[11] OZAN S, LIN J X, ZHANG Y W, et al.Cold Rolling Deformation and Annealing Behavior of a β-Type Ti-34Nb-25Zr Titanium Alloy for Biomedical Applications[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020, 9(2): 2308-2318.
[12] LI W Y, CHEN Z Y, LIU J R, et al.Rolling Texture and Its Effect on Tensile Property of a Near-α Titanium Alloy Ti60 Plate[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2019, 35(5): 790-798.
[13] CHEN W, WANG H D, LIN Y C, et al.The Dynamic Responses of Lamellar and Equiaxed near β-Ti Alloys Subjected to Multi-Pass Cross Rolling[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2020, 43: 220-229.
[14] SU Y, FAN H Y, YOU F H, et al.Improved Tensile Properties of a Novel Near-α Titanium Alloy via Tailoring Microstructure by Hot-Rolling[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2020, 790: 139588.
[15] 蒋纪新, 张伟, 孙虎代, 等. 轧制温度对TC8M-1钛合金棒材组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 世界有色金属, 2021(20): 6-7.
JIANG J X, ZHANG W, SUN H D, et al.Effect of Rolling Temperatures on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of TC8M-1 Titanium Alloy Bars[J]. World Nonferrous Metals, 2021(20): 6-7.
[16] ANIOŁEK K. The Influence of Thermal Oxidation Parameters on the Growth of Oxide Layers on Titanium[J]. Vacuum, 2017, 144: 94-100.
[17] DESPAX L, VIDAL V, DELAGNES D, et al.Influence of Strain Rate and Temperature on the Deformation Mechanisms of a Fine-Grained Ti-6Al-4V Alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2020, 790: 139718.
[18] 马元杰. 航空用Ti6554钛合金棒材塑性加工及热处理工艺研究[D]. 西安: 西安建筑科技大学, 2019: 11-14.
MA Y J.Study on Plastic Processing and Heat Treatment of Ti6554 Titanium Alloy Bar for Aviation[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 2019: 11-14.
[19] 刘斌, 武川, 周宇杰. Ti6554钛合金双道次热挤压宏微观演化的有限元模拟与试验研究[J]. 塑性工程学报, 2022, 29(8): 83-95.
LIU B, WU C, ZHOU Y J.Finite Element Simulation and Test Study on Macro-Micro Evloution of Ti6554 Titanium Alloy by Two-Pass Hot Extrusion[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2022, 29(8): 83-95.
[20] 赵志龙, 孙宝寿, 李念, 等. TC4钛合金轴类件楔横轧力能参数影响因素的分析[J]. 机械制造, 2019, 57(4): 70-75.
ZHAO Z L, SUN B S, LI N, et al.Analysis of Factors Affecting Cross Wedge Rolling Force Parameters for TC4 Titanium Alloy Shaft Parts[J]. Machinery, 2019, 57(4): 70-75.
[21] 李亮, 帅美荣, 田恒光, 等. 基于孔型形状系数的双相不锈钢棒材宽展模型研究[J]. 精密成形工程, 2023, 15(2): 78-85.
LI L, SHUAI M R, TIAN H G, et al.Spreading Model of Duplex Stainless Steel Bar Based on the Shape Coefficient of Pass[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering, 2023, 15(2): 78-85.
[22] 帅忠富, 胡建华, 温少飞, 等. 三辊斜轧钛合金棒材成形的数值模拟[J]. 热加工工艺, 2016, 45(9): 108-112.
SHUAI Z F, HU J H, WEN S F, et al.Numerical Simulation of Three-Roll Screw Rolling Titanium Alloy Bar Forming[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2016, 45(9): 108-112.
[23] KUMAR A, RATH S, KUMAR M.Simulation of Plate Rolling Process Using Finite Element Method[J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, 42: 650-659.
[24] HWANG R, JO H, KIM K S, et al.Hybrid Model of Mathematical and Neural Network Formulations for Rolling Force and Temperature Prediction in Hot Rolling Processes[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 153123-153133.
[25] WANG Y, ZHAO L L, CUI X M, et al.Research on Numerical Simulation and Process Parameters of Three-Roll Bending Based on Thickness Characteristics of Extra-Thick Plate[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 11(4): 1687814019847861.
[26] ZHANG F, FENG J, XIANG W, et al.Microstructure Evolution, Grain Refinement, and Mechanical Properties of a Metastable β Titanium Alloy during Cold Rolling and Recrystallization Annealing[J]. Materials Characterization, 2024, 208: 113632.
[27] ZHAO Q Y, CHEN Y N, XU Y K, et al.Cost-Affordable and Qualified Powder Metallurgy Metastable Beta Titanium Alloy by Designing Short-Process Consolidation and Processing[J]. Materials & Design, 2021, 200: 109457.
[28] 刘广发, 张衡, 毛友川, 等. 轧制温度对IMI550钛合金棒材组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 材料开发与应用, 2015, 30(2): 42-47.
LIU G F, ZHANG H, MAO Y C, et al.Influence of the Different Rolling Temperatures on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of IMI550 Alloy Bars[J]. Development and Application of Materials, 2015, 30(2): 42-47.