目的 基于钛-铝层状复合板,在电辅助条件下进行钛-铝金属层状复合板力学性能与微观组织研究,研究成果将进一步丰富非均质金属层合板材的成形理论,并为改善构件成形质量、挖掘其成形潜能奠定基础。方法 在不同电流密度和不同占空比下进行电辅助拉伸试验,对不同状态下的试样进行EBSD微观组织表征,研究电辅助条件下钛-铝层状复合板力学性能与微观组织的演变规律。结果 在非热效应和焦耳热效应作用下,当进行电辅助拉伸时,钛-铝层状复合板的变形抗力和延伸率降低。当电流密度为6 A/mm2时,与室温拉伸相比,电辅助条件下的钛-铝层状复合板力学性能呈现出流动应力基本不变、延伸率有所上升的趋势。这表明选取合适的电流参数可以在不降低强度的情况下,提升材料塑性。在电辅助拉伸过程中,电流可以影响位错结构,减少Frank-Read位错源产生的位错以及Frank-Read位错源附近晶格畸变程度,从而降低位错密度。同时,脉冲电流作用可在较低温度下提高材料晶化过程中的形核率,促进再结晶发生。结论 从力学性能、微观组织2个方面探究了脉冲电流对钛-铝层状复合板变形行为的影响机制,为优化材料加工工艺、提高材料利用率和最终产品性能提供理论基础。
Abstract
Based on titanium-aluminum laminated composite plates, the work aims to study the mechanical properties and microstructure of titanium-aluminum metal laminated composite plates under electrically assisted conditions, to further enrich the forming theory and technology of heterogeneous metal laminated plates with research results and lay a foundation for improving the forming quality of components and tapping their forming potential. Electrically assisted tensile tests were performed under different current densities and duty cycles, and EBSD microstructural characterization was conducted on samples in various states to study the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of titanium-aluminum laminated composite plates under electrically assisted conditions. Electrically assisted stretching reduced the deformation resistance and elongation of titanium-aluminium laminated composite plates under non-thermal and Joule heating effects. However, when the current density was 6 A/mm2, the mechanical properties of titanium-aluminium laminated composite plates under electrically assisted conditions showed basically unchanged flow stress and increased elongation compared with those under room temperature stretching. This indicated that the selection of appropriate current parameters could enhance the material plasticity without reducing the strength. During electrically assisted stretching, the current could affect the dislocation structure and reduce the dislocations generated by the Frank-Read dislocation source and the lattice distortion degree near the Frank-Read dislocation source, thus reducing the dislocation density. At the same time, the effect of pulsed current could increase the nucleation rate of the material crystallization process at lower temperatures, which promoted the occurrence of recrystallization. The effect mechanisms of pulsed current on the deformation behavior of titanium-aluminum layered composite plates are explored from the perspectives of mechanical properties and microstructure, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing the processing techniques of materials, improving material utilization, and enhancing the performance of final products.
关键词
电辅助成形 /
钛-铝层状复合板 /
力学性能 /
微观组织 /
电子背散射衍射（EBSD）
Key words
electrically assisted forming /
Ti-Al laminated composite plate /
mechanical properties /
microstructure /
electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52175314,51875176）; 河南省高校重点科研项目（24A430015）; 河南省重点研发计划（231111231700）; 河南省高校科技创新团队（25IRTSTHN022）; 中原英才计划支持计划（[2023]11）; 中原学者工作站资助项目（214400510028）
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