汽车转向节轴套复合挤压工艺研究

张良英; 詹艳然; 卢锦焘

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.024

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (7) : 228-235. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.024

先进制造技术与装备

汽车转向节轴套复合挤压工艺研究

张良英¹, 詹艳然², 卢锦焘³

作者信息 +

Study on the Compound Extrusion Process of Automobile Steering Knuckle Shaft Sleeve

ZHANG Liangying¹, ZHAN Yanran², LU Jintao³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的提升汽车转向节轴套加工材料利用率,获得理想尺寸精度及较好的疲劳强度,研究汽车转向节轴套复合挤压工艺。方法针对汽车转向节轴套杯-杆型结构特征,采用理论工艺分析与成形模拟分析相结合的方法,在对比一道次复合挤压成形工艺方案和预加工复合挤压工艺方案的基础上,确定最终工艺方案,分析了复合挤压时的金属流动规律及等效应变分布,设计了挤压模具并进行了试验验证。结果汽车转向节轴套复合挤压工艺方案为：机加工—退火及草酸盐处理—复合挤压—杯部钻孔。在该方案下,凸模承受的载荷呈现“增大-平缓-增大-略微下降-显著增大”的变化趋势,且最大载荷更低,模具充填效果更好;在复合挤压时,正挤压占比远大于反挤压占比,分流面主要分布在杯壁下段至35°锥角区域内,界面会随着凸模的下行呈现出“模糊-清晰-模糊”的变化趋势;最大等效应变主要分布在制件尺寸变化区域。结论复合挤压金属流动规律及等效应变分布规律可以为同类零件复合挤压技术推广应用提供一定的理论依据;预加工复合挤压工艺成形汽车转向节轴套方案合理,可满足实际大批量生产需求。

Abstract

The work aims to study the compound extrusion process of automobile steering knuckle shaft sleeve, in order to improve the material utilization rate in the processing of automobile steering knuckle shaft sleeves and achieve ideal dimensional accuracy as well as better fatigue strength. Based on the cup-rod structural characteristics of automobile steering knuckle shaft sleeve, a method combining theoretical process analysis and forming simulation analysis was adopted. After comparison between the one-pass compound extrusion forming process scheme and the pre-processed compound extrusion process scheme, the final process scheme was determined. The metal flow law and equivalent strain distribution during compound extrusion were analyzed, and an extrusion die was designed for experimental verification. The compound extrusion process scheme for automobile steering knuckle shaft sleeve was as follows: machining, annealing and oxalate treatment, compound extrusion, and drilling. Under this scheme, the load borne by the punch exhibited a trend of “increasing-stabilizing-increasing again-slightly decreasing-significantly increasing”, with a lower maximum load and better die filling effect. During compound extrusion, the proportion of forward extrusion was much larger than that of backward extrusion. The diversion plane was mainly distributed from the lower section of the cup wall to the 35° cone angle, and the interface exhibited a trend of “blurry-clear-blurry” as the punch descended. The maximum equivalent strain was mainly distributed in the area where the dimensions of the part changed. The laws of metal flow and equivalent strain distribution during compound extrusion can provide a certain theoretical basis for the promotion and application of compound extrusion technology for similar parts. The pre-processed compound extrusion process for forming automobile steering knuckle shaft sleeves is reasonable and can fulfill the requirements of actual mass production.

导出引用

张良英, 詹艳然, 卢锦焘. 汽车转向节轴套复合挤压工艺研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(7): 228-235 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.024

ZHANG Liangying, ZHAN Yanran, LU Jintao. Study on the Compound Extrusion Process of Automobile Steering Knuckle Shaft Sleeve[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(7): 228-235 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.024

中图分类号： TG376

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