目的 研究摆动MIG焊接技术对焊接接头组织变化和成形的影响。方法 采用不同热输入对7A52铝合金板材进行坡口摆动MIG焊接实验,并对焊接接头进行微观组织分析和力学性能测试,包括硬度测试和拉伸试验。结果 在热输入为8.56 kJ/mm的条件下,焊接接头的成形和力学性能最为理想。焊接接头的平均维氏硬度达到了111.7HV,其中焊缝区的硬度最低,为104.7HV,而热影响区（HAZ）的硬度最高,达到了114.52HV。在拉伸试验中,试件在焊缝区发生断裂,其抗拉强度为361 MPa,相当于母材抗拉强度的72%。结论 随着热输入的增加,焊缝区域的硬度逐渐降低。适当的热输入有助于形成细长等轴晶,减少再结晶现象,从而提高焊接接头的拉伸强度。
Abstract
The work aims to study the effects of oscillating MIG welding technology on the microstructural changes and weld joint formation. The research method involved conducting groove oscillating MIG welding experiments on 7A52 aluminum alloy plates with varying heat inputs and analyzing the resulting weld joints for microstructure and mechanical properties, including hardness and tensile tests. The results indicated that at a heat input of 8.56 kJ/mm, the weld joint demonstrated optimal formation and mechanical attributes. It had an average Vickers hardness of 111.7HV and the lowest hardness of 104.7HV was found in the weld area, whereas the heat affected zone (HAZ) exhibited the highest hardness, reaching 114.52HV. Tensile testing indicated that the specimen broke in the weld area with a strength of 361 MPa, which corresponded to 72% of the base material's tensile strength. In conclusion, as the heat input increases, there is a gradual decrease in the hardness of the weld zone. Furthermore, the right amount of heat input is beneficial for the development of slender, equiaxed grains, reducing recrystallization, and thus enhancing the tensile strength of the weld joint.
关键词
7A52铝合金 /
摆动MIG焊接 /
微观组织分析 /
硬度测试 /
拉伸性能
Key words
7A52 aluminum alloy /
oscillating MIG welding /
microstructure analysis /
hardness testing /
tensile properties
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基金
河北省重点研发计划（22341801D）; 河北省重点研发计划（23311802D）; 北京市属高校分类发展项目（11000023T000002199202）; 北京市属高等学校高水平科研创新团队建设支持计划（BPHR20220110）
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